Cost of Illness Pasien Stroke di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

SANDI PURBANINGSIH, Prof. Dr. Djoko Wahyono, SU., Apt; dr. Endang Suparniati, M.Kes

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Stroke adalah penyakit penyebab gangguan otak yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian dan kecacatan dengan biaya perawatan yang besar. Studi Cost of Illness (COI) bertujuan untuk mengukur beban ekonomi penyakit. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat gambaran total biaya penyakit stroke, mengetahui adanya perbedaan biaya riil pasien stroke rawat jalan dan rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta ditinjau dari faktor usia, jenis kelamin, kelas perawatan, lama perawatan, jumlah komorbid, cara bayar dan tipe stroke. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional berdasarkan perspektif rumah sakit. Metode pengambilan data secara retrospektif melalui catatan medik pasien selama periode bulan Januari-Juni 2014, bagian penjaminan, dan dari bagian Unit Teknologi Informatika di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, kelas perawatan, lama perawatan, jumlah komorbid, cara bayar dan tipe stroke serta variabel terikat yaitu biaya riil pasien stroke rawat jalan dan rawat inap. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif, Mann Whitney, dan Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total biaya penyakit stroke periode Januari-Juni 2014 berdasarkan perspektif RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta adalah sebesar Rp. 5.867.281.315,97, merupakan hasil penjumlahan dari total biaya rawat jalan untuk 198 pasien (246 episode) sebesar Rp. 98.102.668,72 dan total biaya rawat inap untuk 408 pasien (424 episode) sebesar Rp. 5.769.178.647,25 Biaya rawat jalan pasien stroke iskemik menunjukkan berbeda signifikan ditinjau dari faktor usia, jenis kelamin dan cara bayar, sedangkan biaya rawat jalan stroke hemoragi menunjukkan beda signifikan ditinjau dari faktor jenis kelamin dan cara bayar. Biaya rawat inap pasien stroke iskemik menunjukkan beda signifikan ditinjau dari faktor usia, kelas perawatan, lama perawatan dan jumlah komorbid, sedangkan biaya rawat inap stroke hemoragi menunjukkan beda signifikan ditinjau dari kelas perawatan, lama perawatan dan jumlah komorbid. Tipe stroke memberikan hasil perbedaan signifikan pada biaya stroke rawat jalan.

Stroke is an illness that causes of brain disorder that can lead to death and severe disability on individual, and the stroke medication costs are enormous. The study of the Cost of Illness (COI) measures the economic burden of an illness. The research goal is to identify the total cost portrait of stroke, to determine the difference in the real cost of outpatient and inpatient stroke patients terms of factors as age, gender, the class of treatment, length of stay, the number of comorbid, payment systems and type of stroke in Dr. Sardjito hospital. This research is analytic research with cross sectional study design based on the perspective of the hospital. The data used were obtained retrospectively through medical patients records from January to June 2014, from the insurance division, and from the Information Technology Unit at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The variables in this study consist of the independent variables namely: age, gender, medication class, length of stay, number of comorbid, payment system and stroke type, and the dependent variables namely: the real cost of outpatient and inpatient stroke patients in Dr Sardjito hospital. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney, and Kruskal Wallis. The total cost of stroke from January-June 2014 based on the perspective of the Dr. Sardjito hospital was Rp. 5,867,281,315,97 was the sum of the total cost of outpatient care for 198 patients (246 episodes) of Rp . 98,102,668.72 and the total cost of hospitalization for 408 patients (424 episodes) of Rp . 5,769,178,647.25. . The cost of outpatient with ischemic stroke showed significant difference in terms of the age factor, sex, and payment system, while the cost of outpatient with hemorrhagic stroke showed a significant difference in terms of the factors gender and payment system. The cost of inpatient with ischemic stroke showed a significant difference in terms of age, class treatment, and length of stay and the number of comorbidities, while the cost of inpatient with hemorrhagic stroke showed significant differences in terms of class treatment, length of stay and the number of comorbidities. The type of stroke results significant differences in the cost of outpatient stroke.

Kata Kunci : Cost of Illness, stroke, perspektif RSUP Dr. Sardjito