STUDI HISTOLOGI DAN MORFOMETRI INTESTINUM TENUE LANDAK JAWA (Hystrix javanica) DENGAN PEWARNAAN HEMATOKSILIN-EOSIN

JELSI CATUR WULANDARI, drh. Ariana, M.Phill

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Landak Jawa merupakan satwa liar endemik Indonesia yang termasuk kelas Mamalia, ordo Rodentia, dan famili Hystricidae. Landak merupakan hewan herbivora sehingga traktus digestivusnya panjang. Intestinum tenue memiliki fungsi utama sebagai pelanjut proses digesti dari lambung dan absorpsi nutrisi dari makanan yang dimakan, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai morfometri intestinum tenue landak Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga ekor landak Jawa. Sampel yang diambil yaitu duodenum awal, duodenum tengah, duodenum akhir, jejenum awal, jejenum tengah, jejenum akhir, ileum awal, ileum tengah, dan ileum akhir landak Jawa. Jaringan diproses dengan metode parafin, dan dipotong dengan ketebalan 5 - 6 µm. Jaringan diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin Eosin (HE). Hasil penelitian ini diamati dengan mikroskop dan software Optilab Image Viewer, Optilab image raster, Microsoft Excel 2010, CorelDRAW X5, Paint.Ink serta Picasa 3, kemudian dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian histologi intestinum tenue landak Jawa, menunjukkan lamina epitelialis mukosae dibatasi oleh epitelium kolumner simpleks dengan sel piala. Sel piala sangat dominan di intestinum tenue bagian belakang. Lamina muskularis mukosae satu lapis, namun absen pada jejenum. Kelenjar Brunner ditemukan pada tunika submukosa duodenum dan jejenum bagian awal landak Jawa. Tunika muskularis mukosae tersusun sirkularis di dalam dan longitudinal di luar. Tunika serosa terlihat sangat tipis. Landak Jawa memiliki keistimewaan pada struktur histologinya, yaitu tidak terlihat lempeng Peyer pada tunika submukosa ileum. Hasil morfometri intestinum tenue landak Jawa, duodenum memiliki ketebalan dinding 813,590 ± 156,922 µm, jejenum 632,198 ± 142,586 µm, dan ileum 445,359 ± 57,262 µm. Duodenum merupakan bagian intestinum tenue yang paling tebal, sedang ileum yang paling tipis. Penyusun dinding intestinum tenue tunika mukosa, yaitu 58,708%, tunika submukosa 22,541% dan tunika muskularis-serosa 18,749%. Tunika mukosa merupakan dinding intestinum tenue yang paling tebal, sedangkan tunika muskularis-serosa yang paling tipis.

Javan short tailed porcupine is an Indonesian endemic wild animal which is a member from class mammals, order Rodentia and family Hystricidae. Porcupine is a herbivore animal which make their digestive track quite long. Intestinum tenue has a main function to continue digestion process from stomach and absorption of nutrition from food, which need a research about morphometry of Javan short tailed porcupine intestinum tenue. The research used three Javan porcupine. Sample were taken from upper duodenum, middle duodenum, lower duodenum, upper jejenum, middle jejenum, lower jejenum, upper ileum, middle ileum, and lower ileum of Javan porcupine. Tissue were proceed using paraffin method. Tissue were cut 5 - 6 µm thick. Then tissue were stain using Hematoxylin Eosin. The result was observed using light microscope and software optilab imageViewer, Optilab image raster, Microsoft Excel 2010, CorelDRAW X5, Paint.Ink and Picasa 3, then tissue analyzed descriptive and quantitative. Result from this research in intestinum tenue of Javan porcupine histology reveal that lamina epithelialis mucosae lining with simple columnar epithelium with goblet cell. Goblet cell very dominant in caudal intestinum tenue. The muscularis mucosae consist of one layer of smooth muscle, but not present in jejenum. Brunner gland find in tunica submucosa of duodenum and upper jejenum of Javan porcupine. Tunica muscularis consist of inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer. Tunica serous were thin. Javan porcupine has a special on it's histological structure that ileum of Javan porcupine lack of Peyer patch. Result of morphometry intestinum tenue show that duodenum thickness is 813.590 ± 156.922 µm, jejenum thickness is 632.198 ±142.586 µm, and ileum thickness is 445.359 ± 57.262 µm. Duodenum is thickest part, while ileum is the thinnest part of intestinum tenue. Intestinum tenue wall consist 58.708% tunica mucous, 22.541% tunica submucosa and 18.749% tunica muscularis-serous. Tunica mucous is the thickest layer while tunica muscularis-serous is the thinnest layer of intestinum tenue wall.

Kata Kunci : histologi, morfometri, landak Jawa, duodenum, jejunum, ileum