KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT MANGROVE DI KAWASAN REHABILITASI TAHURA NGURAH RAI, DENPASAR, BALI

RYAN H.D.W, Prof. Dr. Erny Poedjirahajoe, MP

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Rehabilitasi yang dilakukan di mangrove Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Ngurah Rai pada 21 tahun yang lalu tentunya telah mengalami perubahan karakteristik habitat mangrove. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai perbedaan karakteristik habitat kawasan mangrove hasil rehabilitasi dan kawasan mangrove alami, baik sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis dan membandingkan karakteristik habitat meliputi vegetasi, plankton, makrobenthos, pH, suhu perairan, kandungan oksigen terlarut, ketebalan substrat lumpur, dan salinitas perairan. Luasan lokasi penelitian meliputi kawasan mangrove rehabilitasi seluas 199,046 ha dan kawasan mangrove alami seluas 1.008,88 ha. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode line transek dengan peletakan titik pertama secara acak. Jalur transek pengukuran dibagi menjadi 3 zona yaitu zona depan, zona tengah, dan zona belakang. Intensitas sampling (IS) yang digunakan 0,04% sehingga terdapat 16 transek dan 48 plot ukur. Untuk melihat perbedaan karakteristik habitat, dianalisis berdasarkan hasil uji beda Independent T Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya perbedaan karakteristik habitat antar mangrove rehabilitasi dan mangrove alami pada beberapa faktor yang meliputi kerapatan jenis tingkat sapihan (633 individu/ha), kepadatan jenis plankton (321.111 individu/ml), keanekaragaman jenis plankton (H= 3,202), suhu perairan (30C), kandungan oksigen terlarut (1,53 mg/l), dan ketebalan substrat lumpur (1,09 m). Sedangkan besarnya perbedaan karakteristik habitat pada mangrove alami dengan mangrove rehabilitasi ditunjukkan dalam beberapa faktor meliputi keanekaragaman jenis tingkat semai (H= 1,612), keanekaragaman jenis tingkat sapihan (H= 1,454), keanekaragaman jenis tingkat tiang (H=1,366), dan salinitas perairan (23,80/mil). Sementara faktor lainnya tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan.

Rehabilitation area, which was done in mangrove area of Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) (Grand Forest Park) Ngurah Rai twenty one years ago, has changed in characteristics of mangrove habitat. The objective of this research is to give description of differences of characteristics of rehabilitated mangrove area and natural mangrove area, in aspect of physical, chemical, and biology traits of its water bodies. This research was done by analyzing and comparing habitat characteristics, including vegetation, plankton, macrobenthos, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen content, mud substrate thickness, and water salinity. Area of the research were rehabilitation area (199,046 ha) and natural mangrove area (1.008,88 ha). The data was collected using line transect method with random starting point. Transect lines for measurement was divided into three zones, which are front zone, middle zone, and back zone. The used intensity of sampling was 0,04%, therefore, there were 16 transects and 48 measuring plot. To look for differences of habitat characteristics, data was analyzed by difference test of Independent T-Test. The result of the research showed high differences of mangrove habitat characteristics between rehabilitation area and natural mangrove area, include sapling density (633 individuals per ha), plankton density (321.111 individuals per mL), plankton diversity (H= 3,202), water temperature (30celcius), dissolved oxygen content (1,53 mg per L), and mud substrate thickness (1,09 m). Whereas, high differences were shown between natural mangrove area and rehabilitation area, in terms of seedling diversity (H = 1,612), sapling diversity (H=1,454), pole diversity (H=1,366), and water salinity (23,80/mil). Other factors were not significantly different between two research areas.

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, Mangrove, TAHURA Ngurah Rai