Analisis Usaha Penangkapan Tuna Madidihang (Thunnus albacares) di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Sadeng Kabupaten Gunungkidul

ROSTA ALANNAWA, Suadi, Ph.D.; Ir. Supardjo S.D., S.U; Ir. Hery Saksono, M.A.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biaya, penerimaan, dan kelayakan usaha penangkapan tuna madidihang di PPP Sadeng, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli - Agustus 2014. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dengan proportional random sampling method dengan perincian yaitu 9 PMT, 17 Sekoci, dan 4 Inka mina dari total populasi sejumlah 112 kapal. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan Panayotou (1985) berdasarkan keuntungan kotor dan keuntungan bersih dalam usaha penangkapan ikan. Armada yang beroperasi di Sadeng dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu perahu motor tempel (PMT), sekoci, dan Inka mina. Alat tangkap yang dioperasikan yaitu handline (pancing), jaring (gillnet), dan mini purse seine. Perahu motor tempel memiliki rerata biaya tetap yaitu Rp 6.379.713,00; rerata biaya variabel total yaitu Rp 139.771.984,00; rerata penerimaan total yaitu Rp 216.533.333,00; rerata keuntungan kotor yaitu Rp 76.761.349,00; dan rerata keuntungan bersih yaitu Rp 70381.636,00. R/C ratio yaitu 1,5. Kapal motor sekoci memiliki rerata biaya tetap yaitu Rp 15.268.980,00; rerata biaya variabel total yaitu Rp 511.962.702,00; rerata penerimaan total yaitu Rp 790.517.647.00; rerata keuntungan kotor yaitu Rp 278.554.945,00; dan rerata keuntungan bersih yaitu Rp 263.120.965,00. R/C ratio yaitu 1,5. Kapal motor Inka mina memiliki rerata biaya tetap yaitu Rp 52.000.000,00; rerata biaya variabel total yaitu Rp 1.055.255.250,00; rerata penerimaan total yaitu Rp 1.300.500.000,00; rerata keuntungan kotor yaitu Rp 245.244.750,00; dan rerata keuntungan bersih yaitu Rp 192.994.750,00. R/C ratio yaitu 1,2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan usaha perikanan tuna madidihang di Sadeng memiliki nilai positif dan layak untuk dikembangkan, tetapi keuntungan terbesar yaitu sekoci dengan R/C ratio 1,5.

The purposes of this research were to determine cost structure, revenue, and financial feasibility of yellowfin tuna fishery in PPP Sadeng, Gunungkidul regency. Data was collected from July to August 2014. The research used descriptive analytic method and sample of respondents were selected using proportional random sampling method. Respondent consists of 9 PMT (small fiberglass fishing boat), 17 sekoci (small inboard fishing vessel), and 4 Inka mina (23-30 GT fishing vessels) from total population of 112 fishing boats. The data was analyzed using Panayotou (1985) approach to determine cost and profit of capture fisheries. Fishers operated three main fishing gears: hand line, gillnet, and mini purse seine. The study indicated that total cost of PMT was Rp 146.151.697,00; consist of fixed cost was Rp 6.379.713,00; total variable cost was Rp 139.771.984,00; total revenue was Rp 216.533.333,00; and gain gross profit was Rp 76.761.349,00; and net profit was Rp 70.381.636,00. Total cost of sekoci was Rp 527.396.682,00; consists of fixed cost was Rp 15.268.980,00; total variable cost was Rp 511.962.702,00; total revenue was Rp 790.517.647,00; gross profit was Rp 278.554.945,00; and net profit was Rp 263.120.965,00. Total cost of Inka mina was Rp 1.107.505.250,00; consists of fixed cost was Rp 52.000.000,00; total variable cost was Rp 1.055.255.250,00; total revenue was Rp 1.300.500.000,00; gross profit was Rp 245.244.750,00; and net profit was Rp 192.994.750,00. The result has shown that yellowfin tuna's fishery in Sadeng is feasible to be expanded, but the highest R/C ratio was found on Sekoci boat, with R/C 1,5.

Kata Kunci : biaya, keuntungan, penerimaan, PPP Sadeng, tuna madidihang ; cost, PPP Sadeng, profit, revenue, yellowfin tuna