PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CAIRAN SUSU SAPI TERHADAP WAKTU SETTING SEMEN ALPHA TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE (alpha-TCP)

FELICIA STEPHANIE H, drg.Ruslin,M.Kes., Ph.D; drg.Asikin Nur, M.Kes., Ph.D

2015 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Semen kalsium fosfat telah banyak digunakan sebagai bahan pengganti tulang, salah satu contohnya yang biokompatibel dan bioaktif adalah semen alpha tricalcium phosphate. Semen alpha-TCP memiliki kelebihan mudah teresorbsi di dalam tubuh, namun memiliki kondisi relatif susah setting. Ketika semen alpha-TCP dicampurkan dengan cairan, maka akan terjadi reaksi setting melalui disolusi presipitasi menghasilkan calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). Waktu setting semen alpha-TCP dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain rasio serbuk dan cairan, temperatur, pencampuran dan spatulasi, dan lain sebagainya, salah satunya yaitu jenis cairan sebagai campuran serbuk alpha-TCP. Pada penelitian ini, dua cairan yang berbeda digunakan untuk mengamati pengaruhnya terhadap waktu setting. Cairan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu distilled water dan susu sapi yang banyak mengandung ion fosfat. Serbuk semen sebanyak 500 mg dicampur dengan cairan sebanyak 250 µL di atas glass plate. Setelah pengadukan selama 1 menit pada suhu ruang, pasta dimasukkan ke dalam cetakan Teflon dengan tinggi 2,5 mm dan diameter 10 mm. Waktu setting inisial pada suhu 37oC diukur dengan jarum Gillmore. Rerata dan standar deviasi waktu setting semen alpha-TCP yang dicampur dengan susu sapi sebesar 64,06± 4,20 menit, sedangkan rerata dan standar deviasi waktu setting semen alpha-TCP yang dicampur dengan distilled water sebesar 93,81 ± 4,86 menit. Uji T tidak berpasangan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara waktu setting semen alpha-TCP pada pencampuran dengan susu sapi dan distilled water. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa waktu setting semen alpha-TCP pada penggunaan cairan susu sapi lebih pendek daripada pada penggunaan distilled water disebabkan oleh kandungan ion fosfat pada susu sapi.

Calcium phosphate cement has been widely used as bone substitute material, an example of which is biocompatible and bioactive is alpha tricalcium phosphate cement (alpha-TCP). The alpha-TCP cement is resorbed easily in the body, but has relatively difficult setting conditions. When alpha-TCP cement is mixed with liquid, there will be a setting reaction through dissolution and precipitation, produces calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). Setting time of alpha-TCP cement is affected by several factors, such as ratio of powder and liquid, temperature, mixing and spatulation, and so forth, one of which is the type of liquid as a mixture of alpha-TCP powder. In this study, two different liquids were used to observe their effects in the setting time. The liquids used in the study were distilled water and cows milk containing phosphate ions. An amount of 500 mg cement powder was mixed with 250 µL liquid on the glass plate. After 1 min of mixing at room temperature, the paste was put into a Teflon mold with a height of 2.5 mm and an inner diameter of 10 mm. Initial setting time was determined with Gillmore needles. Mean and standard deviation of the setting time of alpha-TCP cement mixed with cow's milk was 64.06 ± 4.20 min, whereas mean and standard deviation of the setting time of alpha-TCP cement mixed with distilled water was 93,81 ± 4,86 min. Unpaired T test showed a significant difference between the setting time of alpha-TCP cement mixed with milk and distilled water. It can be concluded that the setting time of alpha-TCP cement on the use of cow's milk was shorter than the one with distilled water which is caused by the content of phosphate ions in cow's milk.

Kata Kunci : alpha-TCP, susu sapi, fosfat, distilled water, waktu setting, jarum Gillmore, disolusi, presipitasi