STANDARDISASI SIMPLISIA DAUN AWAR-AWAR (Ficus septica Burm.f) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU OBAT TRADISIONAL

HANIF IMSA ALFASANDI, Dr.rer.nat. Nanang Fakhrudin, M.Si., Apt.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 OBAT ALAMI

Aktivitas senyawa yang terkandung dalam daun awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm.f) telah banyak diteliti. Sebagai tanaman yang memiliki prospek untuk pengembangan obat tradisional dibutuhkan proses standardisasi agar layak dijadikan bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan nilai parameter standar pada simplisia daun awar-awar. Penetapan parameter spesifik dan non spesifik dilakukan terhadap simplisia daun awar-awar dari tiga lokasi (Sleman, Kulonprogo, dan Tawangmangu). Metode penetapan parameter spesifik dan non spesifik mengacu pada buku parameter standar ekstrak. Parameter spesifik yang ditetapkan meliputi identitas, organoleptik, senyawa terlarut dalam pelarut tertentu dan kadar alkaloid total. Adapun parameter non spesifik yang ditetapkan yaitu kadar abu, kadar abu tidak larut asam, kadar air, ALT bakteri, AKK, cemaran aflatoksin B1, cemaran pestisida, dan cemaran logam berat. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa parameter spesifik dan non spesifik simplisia memenuhi persyaratan, kecuali pada simplisia dari Kulonprogo yang memiliki cemaran ALT bakteri sebesar 4x104 Cfu/gram dan AKK >6x103 Cfu/gram yang berada diatas batas yang diperbolehkan. Kadar alkaloid total tertinggi dihasilkan daun awar-awar dari daerah Tawangmangu yaitu 0,0461% (b/b). Rentang kadar alkaloid total simplisia 0,0234% - 0,0461% (b/b). Data yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa simplisia daun awar-awar memenuhi persyaratan secara umum sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional. Kata Kunci: Daun awar-awar, simplisia, parameter spesifik, parameter non spesifik

Compounds found in awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm. f.) have been explored in several studies, showing a good prospect to be developed as traditional medicine. Developing a traditional medicine requires the proper standardization of it as a raw material. The aim of this study was to determine the standard parameters of F. septica leaves. Determination of the specific and non-specific parameters were done to simplicia collected from 3 separated locations, that are Sleman, Kulonprogo, and Tawangmangu. The methods were based on those listed in Buku Parameter Standar Ekstrak. Specific parameters being determined were organoleptic, dissolved compound in certain solutions, and total alkaloid content. While for the non-specific parameters, ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, water content, total plate count of the bacteria, yeast and molds count, B1 aflatoxin, pesticides, and heavy metal contamination were determined. The results showed that the specific and non-specific parameters of the simplicia collected met the requirements, except fot the simplicia from Kulonprogo, having the total plate count of 4x104 Cfu/g and yeasts and molds content of >6x103 Cfu/g, above the limit. The highest total alkaloid content was acquired from the samples collected from Tawangmangu, giving the score of 0.0461% (w/w). The range of total alkaloid content of all samples was 0.0234 - 0.0461% (w/w). Hence, we may conclude that the simplicia of F. septica leaves met the general requirements as a raw material for traditional medicine. Keywords: Awar-awar (F. septica Burm. F.) leaves, simplicia, specific parameters, non-specific parameters

Kata Kunci : Daun awar-awar, simplisia, parameter spesifik, parameter non spesifik/ Awar-awar (F. septica Burm. F.) leaves, simplicia, specific parameters, non-specific parameters