PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PRAKTEK KEPERAWATAN PROFESIONAL (MPKP) TERHADAP PENERAPAN STANDAR ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DAN KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DR. KANUJOSO DJATIWIBOWO BALIKPAPAN
MOCHAMMAD SYAFAK HANUNG, SP.A, Dr. Sri Werdati, SKM, M.Kes; dr. Andreasta Meliala, DPH, M.Kes, MAS
2015 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/MMRLatar belakang: Pelayanan keperawatan yang bermutu ditentukan oleh cara pengelolaan pasien atau sistem pemberian asuhan keperawatan. Salah satu sistem pemberian asuhan keperawatan yang telah dan sedang dikembangkan di beberapa rumah sakit di Indonesia adalah model tim primer. Sistem pemberian asuhan keperawatan ini merupakan modifikasi antara model tim dan model perawat primer. Pemberian asuhan keperawatan yang dilaksanakan masih banyak keluhan, kritik dan saran-saran yang disampaikan pasien maupun keluarganya baik secara lisan maupun lewat telepon ke hotline. Secara umum keluhan-keluhan tersebut berhubungan dengan kurangnya hubungan komunikasi yang aktif antara pasien dengan perawat antar lain perawat yang kurang perhatian, perawat yang tidak segera memberikan tanggapan pada saat diperlukan serta tentang keramahan perawat yang masih kurang. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas pelaksanaan standar asuhan keperawatan (SAK) sebelum dan sesudah penerapan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) di ruang rawat inap Kemuning RSKD, mengetahui persepsi pasien terhadap tindakan asuhan keperawatan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) di ruang rawat inap RSKD, serta mengetahui kepuasan kerja perawat sebelum dan sesudah penerapan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP) di ruang rawat inap RSKD. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimental dengan kontrol. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah before – after design. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah penerapan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional. Sebelum dan sesudah penerapan MPKP akan dinilai kinerja perawat berdasarkan kepatuhan perawat dalam melaksanakan SAK dengan instrumen A dan instrumen C serta persepsi pasien dengan instrumen B Standar Asuhan Keperawatan di Ruang rawat RSKD serta kepuasan kerja perawat juga dinilai memakai kuesioner kepuasan yang sudah distandarisasi. Lokasi implementasi MPKP adalah ruang Kemuning dan sebagai kontrol adalah ruang rawat inap VIP. Hasil: Tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat diruang Kemuning didapatkan hasil p-value 0.005 berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat sebelum dan setelah penerapan MPKP di ruang Kemuning. Analisis data tentang pelaksanaan standar asuhan keperawatan di ruang Kemuning didapatkan hasil p-value 0.011 artinya bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan standar asuhan keperawatan sebelum dan setelah penerapan MPKP di ruang Kemuning. Analisis data tentang pelaksanaan pelayanan keperawatan di ruang Kemuning, hasil pvalue 0.019 artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan pemberian pelayanan keperawatan sebelum dan setelah penerapan MPKP di ruang rawat inap Kemuning. Kesimpulan: penerapan MPKP dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan asuhan keperawatan di ruang rawat inap dan kepuasan pasien sebagai pelanggan, maka perlu kebijakan rumah sakit untuk menindak lanjuti penerapan MPKP di ruang rawat inap lainnya.
Background: The nursing care quality is determined by the way the management of the patient or nursing care delivery system. One of the nursing care delivery systems that have been and are being developed in several hospitals in Indonesia is a model of the primary team. This nursing care delivery system is a modification of the team model and the model of primary nurse team. Nursing care, which is implemented is still a lot of complaints, criticisms and suggestions presented by patients and their families either orally or by telephone to the hotline. In general, these complaints related to the lack of an active communication link between patients with nurses among other nurses less attention, the nurse who did not immediately respond when needed as well as about the friendliness of nurses who are still lacking. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of nursing care standards (SAK) before and after the implementation of Professional Nursing Practice Model (PNPM) in the Kemuning Ward of RSKD, knowing the patient's perception of the nursing care actions before and after implementation of Professional Nursing Practice Model (PNPM) in the Kemuning Ward of RSKD, and know the job satisfaction of nurses before and after implementation of the Professional Nursing Practice Model (PNPM) in the Kemuning Ward of RSKD. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with control. The design used was before - after design. The treatment given is the implementation of Professional Nursing Practice Model (PNPM). Before and after implementation of PNPM will be assessed the performance of nurses by nurses in implementing (SAK) compliance with the instruments A and C instruments and perceptions of patients with B instrument Nursing Standards care and nurse job satisfaction is also considered wearing standardized satisfaction questionnaire. PNPM implementation site is Kemuning ward and a control is the VIP ward. Results: The level of job satisfaction of nurses in Kemuning Ward, showed a p-value of 0.005 means that there are significant differences in the level of job satisfaction of nurses before and after application of the PNPM in Kemuning ward. Analysis of data on the implementation of nursing care standards in Kemuning ward is obtained p-value 0.011 means that there are significant differences between the implementation of nursing care standards before and after the implementation of PNPM in Kemuning ward. Analysis of data on the implementation of nursing care in Kemuning ward, the results of the p-value 0.019 means that there are significant differences between the implementation of the provision of nursing care before and after the application of the PNPM in Kemuning ward. Conclusion PNPM implementation can improve the quality of nursing care in the inpatient unit and patient satisfaction as a customer, it is necessary to hospital policy to follow up the implementation of PNPM in other inpatient wards.
Kata Kunci : Keperawatan, Standar Asuhan Keperawatan, Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional
