OBESITAS DAN KUALITAS HIDUP WANITA MENOPAUSE DI KOTA KENDARI SULAWESI TENGGARA

SULIANTI, Prof. dr. Djaswadi Dasuki, Sp.OG (K), MPH, PhD; Dr. Dra. Sumarni DW., M.Kes

2015 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/KIA

Latar Belakang: Menopause menyebabkan lebih dari 80% wanita mengalami keluhan fisik dan psikologis dengan berbagai tekanan dan gangguan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup. Wanita menopause memiliki risiko penambahan berat badan lebih cepat. Keadaan obesitas menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap kualitas hidup karena penurunan kesejahteraan, interaksi sosial, dan munculnya beberapa penyakit degenerasi. Hasil survei indeks massa tubuh (IMT) tahun 2008 di kota Kendari sebanyak 19% penduduk usia dewasa mengalami obesitas. Prevalensi kegemukan pada wanita (20,8%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki (14,4%). Tujuan Penelitian: Menganalisis hubungan obesitas dan kualitas hidup wanita menopause. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah wanita menopause. Analisis data melalui 3 tahapan, yaitu analisis univariabel, bivariabel dan multivariabel. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-square(χ2) dan analisis uji regresi logistik. Hasil: Hasil analisis multivariabel bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan obesitas dengan kualitas hidup wanita menopause dengan mengikutkan usia, jumlah anak, pendidikan dan pekerjaan diperoleh nilai RP sebesar 6,32 (95%CI=2,25-17,71), R²=0,275 berarti variabel obesitas, usia, jumlah anak, pendidikan dan pekerjaan dapat memprediksi kualitas hidup rendah sebesar 27,5%. Kesimpulan Wanita menopause dengan obesitas kualitas hidupnya secara signifikan lebih rendah dari pada wanita menopause yang tidak obesitas. Kualitas hidup wanita menopause sebagian besar tinggi. Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup wanita menopause yaitu obesitas, pendidikan, pekerjaan, usia, dan jumlah anak.

Background: Menopause causes more than 80% of women experience physical and psychological complaints with pressures and distractions leading to a decrease in quality of life. Menopausal women have an increased risk of faster weight gain. Obesity causes a negative impact on quality of life due to a decrease in welfare, social interaction, and the emergence of some degenerative diseases. The survey results on body mass index (BMI) in 2008 in the city of Kendari showed that an estimated 19% of adult populations were obese. The prevalence of obesity in women (20.8%) is higher than that in men (14.4%). Objective: To analysis the relationship of obesity to menopausal women’s quality of life. Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional research design. The study sampel was menopausal women. The data analysis went through 3 stages, ie, univariable, bivariable and multivariable analysis using logistic regression and chi-square tes(χ2) Results: The multivariable analysis there was a significant for the relationship of obesity to menopausal women’s quality of life by including age, number of children, education and employment obtained an RP value of 6.32 (95% CI = 2.25 to 17.71) an a R² value of 0.275, meaning that the variables of obesity, age , number of children, education and employment could predict lower quality of life by 27.5%. Conclusions: Menopausal women with obesity had lower quality of life significantly than those who were not obese. Quality of life of postmenopausal women is mostly high. The most dominant factors affecting menopausal women’s quality of life were obesity, education, occupation, age, and number of children.

Kata Kunci : Obesitas, menopause, kualitas hidup.