Strategi Multi-Track Diplomacy Australia dengan Indonesia dalam Mengatasi Kejahatan Lintas Negara: Penyelundupan Manusia Pada Periode 2006-2013

RIFA FATHARANI, Atin Prabandari, MA (IR)

2015 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Abstraksi Seiring dengan pesatnya globalisasi, kejahatan lintas negara pun semakin marak berkembang. Di kawasan Asia Pasifik, fenomena penyelundupan manusia merupakan sebuah isu keamanan non-tradisional yang cukup serius diperdebatkan. Australia merupakan negara "pull factor" memiliki kestabilitan politik dan ekonominya sehingga menarik perhatian para calon imigran. Menurut jalur perpindahan penduduk internasional, Indonesia secara geografisnya sangat luas dan stategis, merupakan negara transit sebelum menjajaki wilayah Australia. Selain itu permasalahan semakin kompleks dimana Indonesia sendiri berpotensi menjadi negara pengirim. Menyadari akan bahaya penyelundupan manusia yang dapat mengancam ketahanan dan keamanan kedua negara, maka diperlukannya kerjasama untuk mengatasi isu tersebut. Penulis berargumen bahwa melalui pendekatan multi-track diplomacydapat mencegah serta menghentikan isu penyelundupan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi atau jalur diplomasi baik Australia maupun Indonesia dalam penanganan kejahatan lintas negara terkait isu penyelundupan manusia serta menjelaskan tantangan-tantangan yang dihadapi dalam menjalankan masing-masing jalur diplomasi tersebut. Penulis menggunakan landasan konseptual multi-track diplomacy sebagai sebuah pendekatan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian skripsi ini. Keywords: imigran, ancaman, penyelundupan manusia, multi-track diplomacy, tantangan

Abstract Along with rapid globalisation, transnational crime is becoming increasingly prevalent. In the Asia-Pacific region, the phenomenon of people smuggling is a nontraditional security issue; which warrants serious debate. Australia has a pull factor in this regard because of relative economic stability, and is perceived to be a country of opportunity: thus Australia has the attention of prospective immigrants. According to international migration pathways, Indonesia possesses a very broad and strategically advantageous geography, making it a perfect transit country for the smuggling of humans before they set off for Australia. The increasingly complex problems, which Indonesia faces, are paving the way for it to in fact become the sender state, not just the transit state. The real dangers of people smuggling issue must be realised, particularly; but not isolated to, threats to the durability and national security of both states. A common ground must thus be achieved wherein both countries may cooperate and address this most serious of issues. This paper argues that through multi-track diplomacy, this issue may be prevented, and even stopped all together. This study aims to determine the best strategy or diplomatic path for both Indonesia and Australia in handling the issue of transnational crimes related to people smuggling, and describes the challenges faced in the carrying out of these diplomatic channels. The author will utilise the conceptual basis of multi-track diplomacy in order to answer unequivocally, the research question of this thesis. Keywords: immigrant, threat, people smuggling, multi-track diplomacy, challenge ????

Kata Kunci : imigran, ancaman, penyelundupan manusia, multi-track diplomacy, tantangan