KOMPARASI KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI PADA MAHASISWA STIKES BETHESDA YOGYAKARTA YANG DILATIH DAN YANG TIDAK DILATIH MENGGUNAKAN PEDOMAN KOMUNIKASI PERAWAT-PASIEN “SIAP-SAPA-AJAK BICARA-DISKUSIKAN”

RODIANSON TUAH, dr. Mora Claramita, MHPE., Ph.D.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Pendidikan Kedokteran

Latar Belakang : Pedoman komunikasi yang mengadopsi budaya lokal berpengaruh dalam proses asuhan keperawatan sehingga diharapkan akan memberikan kepuasan kepada pasien dan perawat dalam pelayanan. Tujuan : Mengetahui komparasi kemampuan komunikasi mahasiswa Stikes Bethesda yang dilatih menggunakan pedoman komunikasi perawat-pasien : Siap- Sapa- Ajak Bicara- Diskusikan Metode : Studi dengan pendekatan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan experimental randomized control trial post test only control design pada mahasiswa Stikes Bethesda Yogyakarta semester V, yang terbagi dalam kelompok intervensi yang dilatih dengan pedoman komunikasi perawat-pasien: Siap- Sapa- Ajak Bicara- Diskusikan dan kelompok kontrol yang belajar mandiri serta diajarkan kembali dengan pedoman komunikasi perawat-pasien yang lama dengan pola : pre interaksi, orientasi, kerja dan terminasi. Evaluasi dalam bentuk observation based assessment dilakukan satu minggu setelah pelatihan diberikan pada kelompok intervensi. Hasil Penelitian : Didapatkan signifakansi selisih rerata dari tiap tahapan komunikasi untuk tahap Siap 1.00, tahap Sapa 1.00, tahap Ajak Bicara 1.00 tahap Diskusikan 1.00 . Hasil perhitungan total rerata tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelompok intervensi telah melakukan proses komunikasi sesuai pedoman komunikasi : Siap – Sapa – Ajak Bicara – Diskusikan, lebih baik dengan skor rerata 3 (dikerjakan sesuai harapan), sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya mendapatkan skor 2 (dikerjakan minimal). Kesimpulan dan Saran: Pelatihan yang diberikan mampu meningkatkan ketrampilan komunikasi mahasiswa keperawatan. Bagi insitusi pendidikan, dapat mengadopsi pedoman ini menjadi bagian proses pembelajaran komunikasi perawat-pasien. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk melihat dari faktor-faktor lain yang berkaitan dengan komunikasi perawat-pasien, dengan metode penelitan dan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dengan pendekatan yang sama atau berbeda. Kata Kunci : Pelatihan Komunikasi, Keperawatan, Budaya Indonesia, Asia Tenggara

Background: Communication guidelines that adopt local culture are influential in the process of nursing care; thus, they are expected to give satisfaction to patients and nurses in health services. Objective: To determine the level of communication skills of Bethesda Health School students who had received training in comparison with those not trained using nursepatient communication guidelines ‘ready-greet-invite-discuss’. Methods: This was a quantitative study with an experimental randomized control trial post test only control design done to the five semester students of Bethesda Health School of Yogyakarta, divided into the intervention group that was trained by nursepatient communication guidelines ‘ready-greet-invite-discuss’ and the control group that learned independently, reviewed with the old pattern of nurse-patient communication guidelines ‘pre interaction, orientation, work and termination’. The evaluation was in the form of Observation Based Assessment conducted in seven times of observation, with seven simulated patients as well as seven different cases, conducted one week after the training was given to the intervention group. Results: There were significant mean differences in each phase of communication (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the mean difference for ‘ready, greet, invite, and discuss’ was 1.00, 1.00, 1.00 and 1.00, respectively. The scores were from the total assessment scale of the range of 0-5. When rounding the mean calculation results, it could be concluded that the intervention group had established a better communication process according to the communication guidelines ‘Ready-Greet- Invite-Discuss’, with a mean score of 3 (performed as expected), while the control group only got a score of 2 (done minimally). Conclusions and Recommendations: The mean scores of students who received training were higher than those of the group who did not receive training. In this study, training provided could improve the communication skills of nursing students. This result can be adapted by educational institution as a part of nurse-patient communication for teaching and learning. Further studies are needed to see from other factors related to nurse-patient communication, with different research methods and the larger number of samples with the same or a different approach. Keywords: Communication training, Southeast Asia, Nursing, Indonesian culture

Kata Kunci : Pelatihan Komunikasi, Keperawatan, Budaya Indonesia, Asia Tenggara; Communication training, Southeast Asia, Nursing, Indonesian culture