GAMBARAN KURIKULUM PERGURUAN TINGGI FARMASI INDONESIA YANG MENDUKUNG PENGGUNAAN OBAT YANG RASIONAL
HENDY RISTIONO, Prof. Dr. Sri Suryawati, Apt.; dr. Sulanto Saleh Danu, Sp.FK.
2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar Belakang : Setiap tenaga kesehatan dalam mata rantai pengobatan ini dapat memberikan konstribusi terhadap kejadian medication error. Farmasis dapat menjadi kunci dalam promosi penggunaan obat yang rasional karena mereka memiliki pengetahuan tentang obat. WHO menyebutkan ada dua langkah utama sebagai komitmen untuk melakukan perubahan dalam implementasi praktik farmasi yaitu perubahan kebijakan nasional di bidang obat dan perubahan sistem pembelajaran di Farmasi. Tujuan : Mengetahui gambaran kurikulum perguruan tinggi farmasi (PTF) di Indonesia yang mendukung penggunaan obat rasional (POR) berdasarkan Promoting Rational Drug Use (PRDU) International Network Rational Use of Drug (INRUD). Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif analisis. Lokasi penelitian adalah perguruan tinggi farmasi di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi kurikulum PTF yang terakhir digunakan, pemberian kuesioner tentang topik penggunaan obar rasional dalam kurikulum dan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada dekan atau staf pengajar yang ditunjuk oleh dekan. Hasil : Jumlah sks 21 responden PTF antara 140 – 158 sks. Median jumlah sks pada 12 perguruan tinggi swasta (PTS) lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan 9 perguruan tinggi negeri (PTN). Median jumlah sks berdasarkan tingkat akreditasi PTF dengan akreditasi C lebih banyak dibandingkan PTF akreditasi A dan B. Dari tiga PTF dengan akreditasi A rentang sks 66 -171 sks sedangkan satu PTF dengan akreditasi B sebanyak 36,9 sks sedangkan total sks yang mendukung POR pada minat Farmasi Klinis Komunitas (FKK) lebih banyak dibanding non FKK. 10 PTF yang diwawancara yang menerapkan adanya peminatan dalam pendidikan S- 1 dan profesi apoteker berjumlah lebih banyak sebesar 70%, 80% dari sepuluh PTF tersebut menerapkan metode pembelajaran kombinasi antara konvensional dan problem based learning (PBL), dan semua PTF telah mengirimkan dosendosen untuk mengikuti pelatihan POR dengan berbagai tema yang bervariasi. Kesimpulan : Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa dari responden PTF akreditasi C median jumlah sks lebih banyak dibandingkan akreditasi A dan B, dan juga adanya perbedaan jumlah sks yang mendukung topik PRDU antara minat FKK dan minat non FKK. Untuk itu perlu adanya batasan minimal jumlah sks yang mendukung POR dari Asosiasi Perguruan Tinggi Farmasi. Kata kunci : Penggunaan obat yang rasional, Kurikulum perguruan tinggi farmasi Indonesia, PRDU INRUD
Background: Each health professional in the chain of therapeutics treatment may contribute to the occurrence of medication errors. Pharmacists can be role key in the promotion of rational drug use because of their drug knowledge. In according to WHO, there are two major steps as a commitment to make changes in the implementation of pharmacy practice that are national drug policy and learning system changes in pharmacy education. Objective: To obtain the curriculum overview in college of pharmacy in Indonesia that supporting rational drug use based on promotion rational drug use (PRDU) and International network rational use of drug (INRUD). Methods: This study used a descriptive research design. The study location are some colleges of pharmacy in Indonesia. Data was collected through observation of the recent curriculum used in the Indonesian college of pharmacy. Research were conducted by giving a questionnaire on the rational drug use topic in the curriculum and in-depth interviews with the dean or faculties appointed by the dean. Results: The number of credits developed by 21 colleges of pharmacy as respondents have in between 140-158 credits. Median number of credits at 12 private colleges of pharmacy more than the 9 state college. Median number of credits developed by C accreditation level are more than A and B accreditation level. Three of 3 A accreditation level of colleges have number of credits in between 66-171 credits and a college with B accreditation level as much as 36.9 credits. Whereas in total of credits semester that support the RDU in Community and Clinical Pharmacy (CCP) interests has more than the non-CCP interests. Of the 10 pharmacy colleges interviewed who apply their specialization in bachelor degree (S-1) and the pharmacist professional program were more numerous by 70%. Of 80% of the top ten pharmacy colleges apply the learning method with a combination of conventional and problem-based learning (PBL), and 10 pharmacy colleges has sent their teachers to various RDU training themes. Conclusion: Based on the results, It can be concluded that the C accreditation level has median number of credits more than the accreditation of A and B accreditation level. In addition, there are the differences in the number of credits that support the PRDU topic between interest and non-interests of CCP. So, it is necessary to alocate the minimum number of credits that support the RDU in according to Association of College of Pharmacy. Keywords: rational drug use, the Indonesian college of pharmacy curriculum, PRDU INRUD
Kata Kunci : Penggunaan obat yang rasional, Kurikulum perguruan tinggi farmasi Indonesia, PRDU INRUD; rational drug use, the Indonesian college of pharmacy curriculum
