PENGARUH Ca2+ PADA KARAKTERISTIK PECTIN EDIBLE FILM DALAM CONTROLLED-RELEASE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

LILIS KISTRIYANI, Prof. Ir. Wahyudi Budi Sediawan, S.U., Ph.D.; Sang Kompiang Wirawan, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Kimia

INTISARI Limbah kulit jeruk mengandung pektin yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku edible film. Edible film dapat diaplikasikan sebagai membran drug delivery system (DDS) berbagai jenis obat. Drug loading dan release pada membran drug delivery system dapat dikontrol dengan memperbaiki karakteristik membran dengan penambahan crosslinker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh komposisi crosslinker pada proses crosslinking terhadap laju pelepasan asam salisilat sebagai contoh obat antiobiotik. Pengaruhnya terhadap sifat fisis membran juga dipelajari, terutama swelling, kuat tarik dan elongation of break. Sedangkan transfer massa pelepasan asam salisilat dari edible film dipelajari dengan pemodelan matematis untuk mengestimasi parameter-parameter yang berpengaruh. Crosslinker yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah CaCl2 yang mengandung ion Ca2+. Pektin dilarutkan dalam air dan dicampurkan dengan plasticizer serta larutan CaCl2.2H2O pada suhu 66°C untuk membuat edible film. Kemudian campuran tersebut dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 50°C selama 15 jam. Setelah terbentuk edible film, dilakukan pelapisan menggunakan plasticizer dan larutan CaCl2.2H2O yang divariasikan konsentrasinya, yaitu 0; 0,015; 0,03 dan 0,05 g/mL larutan. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis drug loading, drug release, gel swelling, kuat tarik dan elongation of break. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa semakin banyak konsentrasi crosslinker (CaCl2) yang ditambahkan, release asam salisilat akan semakin lambat. Penambahan CaCl2 juga mempengaruhi karakteristik fisik membran. Keberadaan CaCl2 menyebabkan nilai gel swelling semakin kecil, nilai kuat tarik meningkat dan nilai presentase elongation of break menurun. Pada penambahan CaCl2 dengan konsentrasi 0,03 g/mL, dihasilkan membran dengan release obat yang optimum dan karakteristik fisis paling baik. Parameter yang dapat diestimasi dengan pemodelan matematis dan simulasi adalah difusivitas (De) dengan kisaran nilai 4,52 x 10-8 - 7,36 x 10-7 cm2/s dan koefisien distribusi (HA) dengan kisaran nilai 0,1420 - 1,6937. Hubungan antara konsentrasi awal crosslinker (CA0) dengan difusivitas (De) dapat diprediksi dengan model matematis De = 4,236 x 10-8 + (De0 - 4,236 x 10-8) e-109,29.CA0. Kata kunci : Pektin, edible film, controlled release, drug delivery system

ABSTRACT Waste from orange peel contains pectin that can be utilized as raw material to produce edible film. Edible film can be applied as a membrane drug delivery system (DDS) for various types of drugs. Drug loading and release behavior of the membrane for drug delivery system can be controlled by adding crosslinker. This research aimed to study the effect of crosslinker composition to the salicylic acid release rate as an example of antibiotics. The effect of Crosslinker to the physical properties of the membrane (swelling, tensile strength and elongation of break) were also studied. A mathematical model was proposed to express the mass transfer of salicylic acid release from the edible film in order to estimate the parameters. Crosslinker used in this study was CaCl2 containing Ca2+ ion. Pectin was dissolved in water, mixed with plasticizers and CaCl2.2H2O solution at temperature 66° C to make edible film. The mixture was then dried in an oven at temperature of 50° C for about 15 hours. The edible was coated using a plasticizer and the variation of CaCl2.2H2O solution concentrations were 0, 0.015, 0.03 and 0.05 g / mL. The analysis applied to the edible film sample were drug loading, drug release, gel swelling, tensile strength and elongation of break. The results show that the more concentration of crosslinker added, slower release of salicylic acid were observed. The addition of CaCl2 also affected the physical characteristics of the membrane. The addition of CaCl2 also affect the physical characteristics of the membrane. When CaCl2 was added to the edible film, the gel swelling was smaller, the tensile strength increasesed and the percentage of elongation of break decreased. At CaCl2 concentration of 0.03 g / mL, the formed edible film gave optimum drug release and best physical characteristic. The parameters estimated by mathematical model and simulation gave the diffusivity coefficient (De) values of 4.52 x 10-8 to 7.36 x 10-7 cm2/s and distribution coefficient (HA) values range from 0.1420 to 1.6937. The relationship between the initial concentration of crosslinker (CA0) and diffusivity (De) can be predicted by a mathematical model De = 4,236 x 10-8 + (De0 - 4,236 x 10-8)e-109,29.CA0. Keywords : Pectin, edible film, controlled release, drug delivery system

Kata Kunci : Pectin, edible film, controlled release, drug delivery system