KAJIAN FASILITAS PELAYANAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN PATI

ABDUL MAJID, Dr. Suharyadi, M.Sc.; Dr. Sri Rum Giyarsih, M.Si.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Berdasarkan hasil sensus penduduk tahun 2010, pertumbuhan penduduk Kabupaten Pati dari tahun 2000-2010 mengalami peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 0,40%. Adanya peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduk tersebut, perlu diimbangi dengan peningkatan jumlah fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi guna memenuhi kebutuhan penduduk. Berkaitan dengan hal itu, penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlunya informasi mengenai tingkat ketersediaan dan daya layan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi, kebutuhan jumlah fasilitas dan kebutuhan luas lahan untuk fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi hingga 20 tahun ke depan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui tingkat ketersediaan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi daerah penelitian, (2) mengetahui daya layan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi, (3) merencanakan jumlah kebutuhan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi dan kebutuhan luas lahan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi 20 tahun mendatang. Data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder yang meliputi jumlah dan jenis fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi, data penduduk dan data pendukung lainnya. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari 21 Kecamatan dan 406 desa/kelurahan. Tujuan (1) dicapai dengan cara menghitung jumlah dan jenis fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi yang ada dengan menggunakan skalogram, selanjutnya menentukan struktur hirarki pelayanan dengan menggunakan rerata aritmatik. Tujuan (2) dicapai dengan menggunakan analisis daya layan, kemudian analisis perbandingan jumlah fasiltas yang tersedia dengan jumlah fasilitas minimum yang harus tersedia. Tujuan (3) dicapai dengan analisis proyeksi kebutuhan fasilitas pelayanan dengan memperhatikan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk. Hasil penelitian diuraikan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian meliputi (1) Wilayah desa/kelurahan dan Kecamatan dengan tingkat ketersediaan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi tertinggi adalah Kelurahan Pati Lor dan Kecamatan Pati, sedangkan wilayah desa/kelurahan dan Kecamatan dengan tingkat ketersediaan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi terendah adalah desa Sumberan dan Kecamatan Jaken. (2) Daya layan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi di daerah penelitian sebagian besar sudah memadai dan sebagian lagi masih ada yang kurang memadai, seperti fasilitas TK, Mushola, SMP, praktek dokter, poskesdes, taman bacaan, poliklinik dan Vihara. (3) Proyeksi kebutuhan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi dan kebutuhan luas lahan fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi di daerah penelitian pada 20 tahun ke depan menunjukkan sebagian fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi masih mencukupi dan tidak perlu penambahan, sebagian lagi ada yang membutuhkan penambahan seperti fasilitas TK, SD, Mushola, SMP, praktek dokter, poskesdes, polindes, SMU, taman bacaan, RS bersalin, poliklinik, pustu dan Vihara dengan jumlah kebutuhan fasilitas dan luas lahan yang berbeda-beda.

Based on the census of population in 2010, the population growth in Regency of Pati from 2000 to 2010 has increased in averages of 0.40%. The increase of population growth needs to be compensated by increased in the number of social economic service facilities on fulfilling the economic necessity of population. In relation to the case, this research were based by the needs to information on the availability level and service capacity of the social economic service facilities, the requirement of total facility and land area for the social economic service facilities up to 20 years in the future. This research aims (1) to observe the available level of social economic service facilities in the research region, (2) to find out the service capacity of the social economic service facilities, (3) to design total requirement of the social economic service facilities and the land area requirement of the social-economic services facility up to 20 years in the future. The secondary data were used including the amount and type of the social economic services facilities, population data and other supporting data. This research population is consisted of 21 subdistricts and 406 villages. The aim (1) was achieved by counting the amount and types of the social economic service facilities using scalogram, and furthermore by defining the service hierarchical structure using the arithmetic mean. The aim (2) was achieved by using the service capacity analysis, then the comparison analysis of factual service capacity with normative standards. The aim (3) was achieved by the requirement projection analysis of service facilities by considering to the population growth rate. The results were described on quantitative descriptive. It were (1) the rural/village area and subdistrict with the highest availability level of social economic service facilities were Pati Lor Village and subdistrict of Pati, while the village region and subdistrict with the lowest availability level of social economic service facilities were Sumberan Village and subdistrict of Jaken; (2) the facilities of social economic service capacity in the research area mostly was adequate and mostly still inadequate, such as kindergarten facilities, mosque, junior school, medical practices, village health pos, colportage, polyclinics and monasteries; (3) the requirement projection of social economic service facilities and the land area requirement of social economic service facilities in the research region for 20 years in future showed some of social economic service facilities still sufficient and no additions is needed, some others require the increment such as kindergarten facilities, elementary school, mosque, junior high school, medical practices, village health post, village security post, high school, colportage, maternity hospitals, polyclinics, Pustu (omplementary Public Health Service) and Vihara with different number of facilities requirement and land area.

Kata Kunci : fasilitas pelayanan sosial ekonomi, tingkat ketersediaan, daya layan