ANALISIS DAN MITIGASI RISIKO RANTAI PASOK STUDI DI PT. AKZONOBEL INDONESIA

SIGIT BUDI DARMAWAN, Dr. Adi Djoko Guritno, MSIE.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

AkzoNobel Indonesia memiliki kerentanan (vulnerability) dalam mata rantai pasoknya, seperti yang ditunjukkan dengan kinerja On Time In Full (OTIF) service level yang masih dibawah standar, peningkatan persediaan On hand Working Capital (OWC) dan Slow Moving and Obsolete (SLOB) product, serta peningkatan biaya operasi rantai pasok , baik biaya produksi dan biaya distribusi. Kerentananan rantai pasok ini berpotensi terhadap peningkatan risiko bisnis perusahaan dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang jika risiko-risiko ini tidak dikelola dengan tepat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk : (1). Mengindentifikasi risiko-risiko dalam keseluruhan mata rantai pasok (supply chain management) di AkzoNobel Indonesia; (2). Menganalisa risiko-risiko dalam rantai pasok dan menentukan prioritas risiko yang harus ditangani; (3). Menghasilkan tindakan mitigasi risiko dan menentukan prioritas tindakan mitigasi risiko rantai pasok Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah model House of Risk, yaitu sebuah model penelitian yang menggabungkan dua model dasar: House of Quality dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Kerangka kerja dari model House of Risk ini terdiri dari dua tahapan, yaitu HOR1 yang digunakan untuk menyusun peringkat setiap agen risiko berdasarkan nilai potensial risiko agregat (Aggregate Risk Potentials), dan HOR2 yang dimaksudkan untuk menyusun prioritas dari tindakantindakan proaktif yang harus dilakukan perusahaan berdasarkan tingkat keefektifan penggunaan sumberdaya (resources) dan tingkat kesulitan untuk penanganan agenagen risiko terpilih dari tahap HOR1 tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa teridentifikasi 57 kejadian risiko dengan 13 sumber-sumber risiko yang prioritas perlu ditangani, yaitu ketidakoptimalan proses forecasting, sistem manajemen transportasi atau logistik yang belum memadai, fluktuasi permintaan, ketidakoptimalan dalam proses koordinasi dan komunikasi antara penjualan dan operasi, ketidakoptimalan manajemen pergudangan, kurangnya komunikasi proses forecast ke pemasok dan pelanggan, prioritas perencanaan produksi dengan order atau demand, ketergantungan kepada satu transporter atau satu moda transportasi, belum optimalnya kesepakatan order policy dan service level policy, kurang optimalnya evaluasi kinerja transporter atau forwarder, kurang optimalnya manajemen persediaan, keterbatasan kapasitas, perilaku disiplin kerja yang masih kurang. Sedangkan tindakan mitigasi prioritas yang harus dilakukan perusahaan adalah implementasi proses S&OP untuk perbaikan proses forecasting dan proses komunikasi sales dan operation, kesepakatan tentang service level policy, implementasi sistim transportasi, perbaikan manajemen stok dan pergudangan, peningkatan kapasitas dan produktivitas pekerja, serta peningkatan disiplin pekerja.

AkzoNobel Indonesian have vulnerabilities in the entire supply chain, as shown by the performance of On Time In Full (OTIF) service level is still below the standard, an increase in inventory of hand On Working Capital (OWC) and Slow Moving and Obsolete (SLOB) product, as well as increase the supply chain operating costs (production and distribution costs). The AkzoNobel supply chain vulnerability has the potential to increase the risk of the company's business in the short term and long term if these risks are not managed appropriately. The purpose of this study was to: (1). Identify risks in the overall supply chain at AkzoNobel Indonesia; (2). Analyzing risks in the supply chain and determine the priority of risk that must be addressed; (3). Generates risk mitigation measures and prioritizing mitigation measures in supply chain risk management The research methodology used is the house of risk model, namely a research framework model that combines two basic models: house of quality, and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). The framework of the House of Risk model consists of two stages, namely HOR1 used to rank each agent based on the value of the aggregate risk potentials, and HOR2 intended to set priorities of proactive measures should be done by the firm based on the level of effectiveness of resources use and the level of difficulty for handling risk agents selected from the HOR1 stage. For the analysis that has been carried out, obtained the conclusion that: the sources of risk that prioritized to be addressed is the suboptimal forecasting process , inadequate transportation and distribution system, fluctuated demand, the suboptimal process of coordination and communication between sales and operations, suboptimal warehouse management, lack of communication in forecast process to suppliers and customer, the priority of production plan with order or demand, dependence on one transporter or forwarder and one transportation mode, suboptimal in agreement on order policy and service level policy, suboptimal performance evaluation of transporter or forwarder, suboptimal inventory management, capacity constraints, as well as behavior and discipline workers. While the priority of mitigation actions are implementing S&OP processes to improve forecasting process and communication process sales and operation, service level policy agreements between sales and operation, implementation of transport systems, improvement in stock management and warehousing, increasing capacity and worker productivity, as well as worker discipline improvement.

Kata Kunci : House of Quality, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Aggregate Risk Potentials, House of Risk