PENGARUH pH SALIVA BUATAN DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN TERHADAP BESAR FRIKSI KAWAT AUSTRALIA TIPE REGULER, SPESIAL, DAN PREMIUM

DIDI ADRIANTO ANWAR, drg. Christnawati, M.Kes, Sp.Ort (K).

2015 | Tesis | SP ORTODONSIA

Kawat Australia merupakan kawat busur ortodontik berbahan stainless steel. Kawat Australia diproduksi dalam beberapa tipe antara lain tipe reguler, spesial, dan premium. Kawat stainless steel yang terpapar saliva dapat mengalami korosi yang mengakibatkan kekasaran permukaan kawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pH saliva buatan dan lama perendaman terhadap friksi kawat Australia tipe reguler, spesial, dan premium. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kawat Australia tipe reguler, spesial, dan premium yang masing-masing berjumlah 20 potong dan terbagi dalam 12 kelompok perlakuan. Tiga kelompok direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 6,7 selama 2 hari, 3 kelompok direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 6,7 selama 42 hari, 3 kelompok direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 5 selama 2 hari, dan 3 kelompok direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 5 selama 42 hari. Pengukuran friksi dilakukan dengan Universal Testing Machine. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji analisis variansi 3 jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan besar friksi yang bermakna antara kawat tipe reguler dan premium serta antara kawat tipe spesial dan premium (p<0,05). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kawat yang direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 6,7 dan 5 (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kawat yang direndam selama 2 dan 42 hari (p>0,05), dan tidak terdapat interaksi antara variabel tipe kawat, pH saliva buatan, dan lama perendaman terhadap perbedaan besar friksi (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Friksi kawat tipe reguler dan spesial lebih besar dibanding kawat tipe premium. Friksi kawat yang direndam dalam saliva buatan pH 5 lebih besar dari pH 6,7. Tidak ada perbedaan besar friksi antara kawat yang direndam selama 2 dan 42 hari. Perbedaan besar friksi kawat Australia tidak dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara tipe kawat, pH saliva buatan, dan lama perendaman.

Australian arch wire is a stainless steel orthodontic wire. Australian wires are produced in several grades, such as regular, special, and premium. Stainless steel wires which exposed to saliva may be corroded, resulting surface roughness. This study aims to investigate the effect of artificial salivary pH and immersion time to frictional forces of reguler, special, and premium grade Australian wires. Regular, special, and premium grade Australian wires, 20 pieces wires of each grade were divided into 12 groups. Three groups were immersed in pH 6.7 artificial saliva for 2 days, 3 groups were immersed in pH 6.7 artificial saliva for 42 days, 3 groups were immersed in pH 5 artificial saliva for 2 days, and 3 groups were immersed in pH 5 artificial saliva for 42 days. The frictional forces were measured using Universal Testing Machine. The data were analyzed with three way analysis of variance. The result showed that there were significant differences in frictional force between the regular and premium grade wires as well as between the special and premium grade wires (p<0,05), there was significant difference in frictional force between wires immersed in pH 6,7 and 5 artificial saliva (p<0,05), there was no significant difference between the friction of wires immersed for 2 and 42 days (p>0,05), and there was no interaction between the wire grades, artificial salivary pH, and immersion time on the frictional force difference (p>0,05). Conclusion : the friction of regular and special grade wires are greater than the friction of premium grade wires. The friction of wires immersed in pH 5 artificial saliva are greater than the friction of wires immersed in pH 6.7 artificial saliva. There was no differences between the frictions of wires immersed for 2 and 42 days. There was no interaction between wire grades, artificial salivary pH, and immersion time in frictional force differences.

Kata Kunci : tipe kawat Australia, pH saliva buatan, lama perendaman, friksi