EVALUASI PEMANFAATAN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DI PT PERTAMINA LUBRICANTS

LISTON SITANGGANG, Henry Yuliando, MM., M.Agr., Ph.D

2014 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen

Salah satu pengguna sistem Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) dan Business Intelligence (BI) di PT Pertamina (Persero) adalah PT Pertamina Lubricants yang merupakan Anak Perusahaan di bisnis pelumas (berdiri sejak tahun 2013). PT. Pertamina Lubricants tidak memiliki keistimewaan menjalankan bisnis Public Service Obligation (PSO) atau menjual produk bersubsidi. Oleh karenanya PT. Pertamina Lubricants harus memiliki keunggulan bersaing. Salah satu yang dapat menjadi sumber keunggulan bersaing adalah pemanfaatan BI dalam pengambilan keputusan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Mengukur tingkat kematangan pemanfaatan Business Intelligence di PT Pertamina Lubricants, dan mengidentifikasi hal-hal yang perlu dilakukan dalam meningkatkan manfaatnya; (2) Mengevaluasi organisasi dan pekerja yang memiliki keterampilan serta otorisasi yang diperlukan untuk pemanfaatan Business Intelligence di PT Pertamina Lubricants. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Gartner’s Maturity model for Business Intelligence and Performance Management. Maturity model Gartner ini memiliki fokus terhadap 3 aspek yakni: People, Process & Metrics, Technology. Dalam maturity model ini terdapat 5 tingkatan: unaware, opportunistic (tactical), standards (focused), enterprise (strategic) dan transformative (pervasive). Pengumpulan data primer dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara survei, diskusi (Focus Group Discussion), dan wawancara serta audit sistem dan studi literatur. Survei dilakukan terhadap kelompok pemilik user id BI dan non pemilik user id BI. Kemudian dilakukan analisis kesenjangan (gap analysis) terhadap kedua kelompok. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa SWOT. Sebagai hasil dari penelitian disimpulkan : (1) Tingkat kematangan pemanfaatan Business Intelligence di PT Pertamina Lubricants berada pada tingkat 2 (Opportunistic). Hal yang perlu dikembangkan dalam jangka pendek terutama adalah pada Aspek Process & Metrics. (2) Saat ini belum ada organisasi baik formal maupun informal, dan pekerja di PT. Pertamina Lubricants yang secara spesifik memiliki tugas memelihara dan mengembangkan sistem Business Intelligence. Rekomendasi yang dapat dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Optimasi pemanfaatan BI di PT. Pertamina Lubricants melalui rencana jangka pendek (revitalisasi BI) dan rencana jangka menengah meningkatkan tingkat sesuai maturity model, termasuk pembentukan Business Intelligence Competence Center (BICC); (2) Agar dilakukan penelitian baru menggunakan penilaian End User Computing Satisfaction terhadap pengguna BI di PT. Pertamina Lubricants.

PT Pertamina Lubricants (established in 2013) is a subsidiary of PT. Pertamina (Persero) which applies the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Business Intelligence (BI) system to support its management. PT. Pertamina Lubricants does not have an oligation to be Public Service Obligation (PSO) business or sell subsidized products. Therefore PT. Pertamina Lubricants should behave as a business commonly that compete the others. Hence, ERP and Business Intelligence in this company should able to create a competitive advantage, particularly to fasten decision making process. The purposes of this study: (1) To measure the maturity level Business Intelligence utilization in PT Pertamina Lubricants, and identify necessities improvement. (2) To evaluate necessities improvement for both the organization and employees who have skill and authorized to use Business Intelligence in PT Pertamina Lubricants. This study uses Gartner's Maturity Model for Business Intelligence and Performance Management utilization. The model focuses on three aspects of performance including: People, Process and Metrics, and Technology. There are five maturity level indicators including: unaware, opportunistic (tactical), standards (focused), enterprise (strategic) and transformative (pervasive). Primary data in this study was collected by surveys, Focus Group Discussion and interview as well as audit system and literature review. The respondents are those of BI group owners and non owners. The gap analysis to both groups and a SWOT analysis is performed to show a necessities improvement. The results show that: (1) The level of maturity in the use of Business Intelligence in PT Pertamina Lubricants are at level 2 (Opportunistic). Process & Metrics aspect needs to be implemented in the short term. (2) Currently, there are no organizations and or employees at PT. Pertamina Lubricants which has the task to maintain and develop BI system. This fact shows that the utilization of this decision support system relatively weak. Based on the discussion, it is recommended to: (1) Optimize the utilization of BI in PT. Pertamina Lubricants through short-term plan (revitalization of BI) and medium-term plan to reach the maturity level, including to build a Business Intelligence Competence Center (BICC). (2) Do a new research like the End User Computing Satisfaction of BI users in PT. Pertamina Lubricants.

Kata Kunci : pengambilan keputusan, Business Intelligence, utilisasi, Gartner’s Maturity Model