KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT OWA JAWA (Hylobates moloch Audebert, 1798) DI HUTAN LINDUNG PETUNGKRIYONO, KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN, JAWA TENGAH

WISIK GILANG M, Dr. rer. silv. Muh. Ali Imron, S.Hut, M.Sc.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA HUTAN

Owa Jawa merupakan satwa endemik pulau Jawa yang dilindungi dan terancam punah. Kehilangan habitat merupakan ancaman terbesar bagi primata ini. Habitat Owa Jawa yang terspesialisasi semakin mempersempit habitatnya mengingat satwa tidak menggunakan seluruh kawasan tempat hidupnya. Salah satu habitat tersisa Owa Jawa berada di Hutan Lindung Petungkriyono, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Adanya populasi Owa Jawa di Hutan Lindung Petungkriyono dengan kepadatan populasi terbesar di Jawa Tengah mendorong dilakukannya penelitian yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik habitat Owa Jawa, membandingkan habitat available dan used, dan sebaran vertikal Owa Jawa dalam menggunakan pohon di Hutan Lindung Petungkriyono. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Hutan Lindung Petungkriyono, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Data komponen habitat yang diambil yaitu vegetasi, fisik, dan pakan menggunakan metode nested sampling dan protocol sampling. Analisis data karakteristik habitat menggunakan descriptive statistic. Perbedaan habitat available dan used dianalisis dengan uji Mann Whitney dan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap kehadiran Owa Jawa dengan Binary Logistic Regression. Keberadaan Owa Jawa di atas pohon dianalisis secara deskriptif dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk gambar. Karakteristik habitat Owa Jawa memiliki pohon berdiameter besar dan tinggi dengan tajuk-tajuk pohon yang bersentuhan membentuk kanopi (kontinyu), kelerengan habitat yang cukup curam, memiliki potensi pakan yang tersedia sepanjang tahun, dan keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan yang tinggi. Terdapat perbedaan habitat available dan used pada diameter pohon, tinggi pohon, penutupan tajuk, kelerengan, dan jumlah pohon pakan. Kehadiran Owa Jawa dipengaruhi oleh tinggi pohon, penutupan tajuk, jumlah individu pohon, dan jumlah pakan pohon. Sebaran vertikal Owa Jawa sering dijumpai berada di strata tengah dan strata atas.

Javan gibbon is one of Javas endemic species which is protected and endangered. Habitat lost acts as this primate largest threat. Habitat specialized makes Javan gibbon habitat more restricted considering that this species does not use its entire living area. One of the remaining habitats of this species is located in Petungkriyono Protection Forest, in Pekalongan District. The presence of Javan gibbon population in Petungkriyono Protection Forest with the largest population density in Central Java, encourages this research which aims to describe the habitat characteristic of Javan gibbon; compare the available and used habitat; and to understand Javan gibbons vertical distribution in using trees in Petungkriyono Protection Forest. This research was conducted in Petungkriyono Protection Forest, Pekalongan District. Habitat component data that was taken includes vegetation, physic, and food using nested sampling and protocol sampling method while habitat characteristic was analyzed using descriptive statistic. The differences of available and used habitat were analyzed by Mann Whitney U-test. The affecting variable with Javan gibbons occurrence was analyzed with the Binary Logistic Regression. Javan gibbons presence on trees was analyzed descriptively and shown in figures. The habitat characteristic of Javan gibbon were trees with large diameters and height, with contacting tree crowns which forms a canopy (continuous); a fairly steep habitat slope; contains a potential year-round food supply; and high vegetation species diversity. Differences between available and used habitat were tree diameter; tree height; slope; and number of feeding trees. Javan gibbons presence was affected by tree height, tree crown coverage, number of tree individual, and the number of feeding trees. The vertical distribution of Javan gibbon was mostly seen in the middle stratum and high stratum.

Kata Kunci : karakteristik habitat, habitat available, habitat used, sebaran vertikal, Owa Jawa