PENGARUH UMUR DAN BONITA TERHADAP SIFAT PEREKATAN KAYU JATI UNTUK PRODUKSI KOMPOSIT

NURMADINA, Prof.Ir.Tibertius Agus Prayitno, M.For., Ph.D.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Pengelolaan hutan tanaman jati di Jawa berpedoman pada tabel WvW (Wolf von Wullfing) yang menyajikan sebaran hutan jati menjadi petak berdasarkan kelas kualitas lahan (bonita). Perum Perhutani sebagai pengelola hutan jati di Jawa telah menurunkan daur tebangan menjadi 40-50 untuk memenuhi kebutuhan produksi kayu jati. Kualitas kayu jati untuk komposit tergantung pada sifat perekatan dan sifat permukaan kayunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara faktor klas umur dan faktor bonita terhadap sifat perekatan kayu untuk produksi komposit. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor yaitu klas umur (III, IV, dan V) dan bonita (III, III/IV, IV, IV/V). Pengujian terhadap sifat kayu dilakukan dengan ekstraksi (larut air dingin, air panas dan alkohol toluen) dan wetabilitas dengan metode CWAH (media air dan alkohol toluen). Pengujian produk komposit dilakukan dengan keteguhan rekat dan kerusakan kayu. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan SPSS dan diuji lanjut HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) Tukey pada taraf uji 99% dan 95%. Analisis korelasi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi faktor klas umur dan bonita berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap CWAH media air. Rerata CWAH media air tertinggi terdapat pada interaksi klas umur III dan bonita IV yaitu 99,64 mm. Faktor umur memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap ekstraksi alkohol toluen dan sangat nyata terhadap CWAH media alkohol toluen. Semakin tinggi klas umur maka kadar ekstraktif larut alkohol toluen semakin bertambah, dan CWAH media alkohol toluen semakin menurun. Kadar ekstraktif alkohol toluen pada KU V sebesar 2,394% dan CWAH media alkohol toluen pada KU V sebesar 356,111 mm. Faktor bonita tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada pengujian kadar ekstraktif, wetabilitas, keteguhan rekat maupun kerusakan kayu

Teak plantation forest management in Java use WvW table (Wolf von Wulfing) as the basis for presenting teak distribution in forest plots based on soil class quality (site index). Perum Perhutani as the manager of teak plantation forest has reduced teak harvesting cycle become 40-50 years to fulfill teak wood production demand. The quality of teak wood composite products depends on its bonding and wood surface characteristic. This study aimed to assess the influence of teak age class and site index interaction toward teak wood composite products bonding characteristic. This study method used completely randomized design with two factors, namely age class (III, IV, and V) and site index (III, III/IV, IV, IV/V ). Wood properties testing were conducted by two activities, namely (1) wood extractive extraction in the solvent of cold water, hot water, and alcohol toluene, and (2) wettability testing with CWAH method which used water and alcohol toluene medium. Composite product properties were tested and measured by bonding strength and wood failure. Data results were analyzed using SPSS test and further analysis was tested using HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test of Tukey at level of 99% and 95%. Correlation analysis was used to understand the relationship between tests variable. The results showed that the interaction of teak age class and site index gave very significant influence on the value of CWAH with water medium. The highest CWAH with water medium value on the interaction between age class III and site index IV were 99,64 mm. Age class gave significant influence on alcohol toluene extractive and also gave very significant influence on CWAH with alcohol toluene medium. Higher teak tree age classes increased wood extractive soluble in alcohol toluene, and CWAH with alcohol toluene medium decreased. Wood extractive soluble in alcohol toluene content on age class V were 2,394% and CWAH with alcohol toluene medium on class age V were 356,111 mm. Site index didnot give significant influence on extractive, wettability, bonding strength and wood failure tests.

Kata Kunci : Jati, bonita, klas umur, produk komposit