DAYA LARVISIDA INFUS RIMPANG LEMPUYANG GAJAH (Zingiber zerumbet) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti

OKKY IRAWAN, dr.Tri Baskoro T.S.,MSc.,PhD; Prof.Dr. Mae S.H.W.,MSi.,Apt.

2013 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

INTISARI Latar Belakang. Aedes aegypti adalah vektor utama DF/DHF di Asia Tenggara. Memutus siklus hidup vektor ini adalah strategi utama untuk mengurangi insidensi DF/DHF. Perkembangbiakan nyamuk dihilangkan dengan larvisida, terutama larvisida sintetis. Maalah yang timbul adalah resistensi vektor dan polusi lingkungan. Karena itu, perlu dilakukan peelitian untuk menemukan larvisida alternatif, misalnya dari rimpang lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet). Tujuan Penelitian. Mengetahui daya larvisida infus rimpang lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet) terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Mengetahui nilai LC50 dan LC90 infus rimpang lempuyang gajah terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Mengetahui peningkatan angka kematian larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti setelah dipajan dosis yang meningkat. Cara Penelitian. Penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimental berdasar petunjuk WHO (2005). Larva instar III/IV dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok perlakuan dan 1 kelompok kontrol. Tiap kelompok berisi 20 larva dengan 3 kali replikasi dalam 100 mL larutan. Mortalitas larva dihitung setelah pemajanan 24 jam dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis probit. Hasil. Nilai LC50 dan LC90 adalah 72.49931 ppm dan 154.3412 ppm. Persamaan garis regresi probit yang diperoleh adalah Y= -9.15 + 2.93X. Kesimpulan. Infus rimpang lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet) memiliki daya larvisida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Didapatkan nilai LC50 dan LC90 yaitu 72.49931 ppm dan 154.3412 ppm. Mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti meningkat seiring peningkatan dosis infus rimpang lempuyang gajah. Kata Kunci. Aedes aegypti, Zingiber zerumbet, larvisida alami, analisis probit.

Background. Aedes aegypti is the main vector of DF/DHF in South East Asia. Interupting the life cycle of the vector is main strategy to reduce the incidence of DF/DHF. The breeding of the mosquito is eliminated by larvicide, especially synthetic larvicide. The problems consist of vector resistance and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is essential to search for alternatve larvicide, for instance Zingiber zerumbet as natural larvicide. Objectives. To explore larvicidal effect of Zingiber zerumbet roots with infusion. To find out LC50 and LC90 of the infuse against 3rd/4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. To find out the relation between variety of the infuse dose and larvae mortality. Methods. This research is quasi experimental study using WHO (2005) guidence. 3rd/4th instar larvae divided into 7 treatment groups and 1 control group. Each group contains 20 larvae with 3 times replication in 100mL solution. Larvae mortality was counted after 24 hours of exposure and the data was analyzed using probit analisis. Result. LC50 and LC90 values were 72.49931 ppm and 154.3412 ppm. The probit regression line obtained is Y= -9.15 + 2.93X. Conclusion. Zingiber zerumbet roots infusion has larvicidal activity against 3rd/4th instar of Aedes aegypti larvae. LC50 and LC90 values were 72.49931 ppm and 154.3412 ppm. The increasing dose of the infuse increase larvae mortality. Keywords. Aedes aegypti, Zingiber zerumbet, botanical larvicide, probit analysis.

Kata Kunci : Aedes aegypti, Zingiber zerumbet, larvisida alami, analisis probit