HUBUNGAN PELAYANAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL TERHADAP KEPUASAN APOTEKER : STUDI DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN TINGKAT PERTAMA DAN APOTEK PROGRAM RUJUK BALIK

NIKE PULIANSARI, Dr. Satibi, M.Si., Apt.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Indonesia menerapkan sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang merupakan perlindungan kesehatan agar peserta memperoleh manfaat pemeliharaan kesehatan dan perlindungan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar kesehatannya. JKN diselenggarakan oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan yang melakukan perjanjian kerja sama dengan Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) dan apotek program rujuk balik. FKTP wajib melakukan pelayanan kesehatan yang komprehensif termasuk pelayanan kefarmasian. Pelayanan kefarmasian dilakukan oleh apoteker yang bertanggung jawab terhadap ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan obat yang dipengaruhi oleh proses pengadaan, pendistribusian, dan pembayaran klaim obat oleh BPJS Kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan proses pengadaan, pendistribusian, dan klaim biaya obat terhadap kepuasan apoteker di FKTP dan apotek program rujuk balik pada era jaminan kesehatan nasional. Penelitan dilakukan dengan design survey cross sectional yang menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode ini dipilih karena subyek penelitian yaitu apoteker tidak selalu terdapat di puskesmas maupun klinik pratama sebagai tempat penelitian. Penelitian juga dilakukan di apotek program rujuk balik di Kabupaten Sleman, Bantul, dan Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional menggunakan analisis regresi linear dengan statistika terkomputerisasi. Jumlah responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 40 responden sehingga pada penelitian ini diambil seluruh populasi apoteker puskesmas dan klinik di Kabupaten Sleman, Bantul, dan Kota Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pengadaan dan pendistribusian obat mempunyai hubungan dengan kepuasan apoteker sedangkan proses klaim biaya obat tidak dengan nilai signifikansi berturut-turut 0,010, 0,002, dan 0,261. Ketiga variabel tersebut secara simultan juga mempunyai hubungan dengan kepuasan apoteker dengan nilai signifikansi 0,011. Kepuasan apoteker di apotek program rujuk balik juga dilihat berdasarkan ketiga variabel tersebut tetapi belum bisa dianalisis menggunakan statistika terkomputerisasi karena jumlah subyek penelitian terlalu sedikit.

Indonesia has been officially implement Universal Health Coverage system that guarantee the health services for participants that obtain health care benefits and protection to meet the basic needs of health. In operations, Universal Health Coverage will be managed by BPJS (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial) that coordinating with primary health provider and pharmacy that attached to drug referral system. Primary health facilities must provide comprehensive health care include pharmaceutical care. Pharmacists has responsibility to ensure the drug availability and affordability for universal health coverage participant. Drug availability and affordability in every primary health facilities and pharmacy tied to drug procurement process, drug distribution process, and drug cost claiming process by BPJS. The aim of this research is understanding the relationship of drug procurement, distribution, and drug cost claiming process to pharmacist satisfaction : study in primary health facilities and pharmacy that attached to drug refferal program in universal health coverage system. . This research use survey cross sectional with purposive sampling method. This method chosen because not every primary health facilities have pharmacist. This research will be held in primary health center, primary clinic, and pharmacy that attached to drug refferal program in Sleman, Bantul, and Kota Yogyakarta. The aim of this research to knowing the relationship of drug procurement process, drug distribution process, and drug cost claiming process to pharmacist satisfaction and using computerized stastical analysis. Total respondents used in this study are 40 respondents and this is total pharmacists population in primary health center and primary clinic in Sleman, Bantul, and Kota Yogyakarta.The process of national health coverage services perceived by pharmacists include the drug procurement, drug distribution, and drug cost claiming process. Both drug procurement and drug distribution process has correlation with pharmacist satisfaction. Although there is no correlation between drug cost claiming process to pharmacist satisfaction. These conclusion show in significance value respectively 0,010; 0,002; and 0,261. Three variables also simultanously have relationship to pharmacists satisfaction with significance value 0,011. Pharmacist satisfaction in pharmacy that attached to drug refferal program also seen in drug procurement, distribution, and drug cost claiming process. However, there is some obstruction to analyze data because the respondent is too few.

Kata Kunci : JKN, fasilitas kesehatan pertama, apotek program rujuk balik, apoteker