HUBUNGAN KADAR CD4+ DENGAN DEPRESI PADA ODHA DI KLINIK EDELWEIS RSUP. DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA

M RAMADHAN AL RENO, Dr. dr. Carla R. Marchira, Sp. KJ (K); dr. Irwan Supriyanto, Ph. D

2015 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar belakang : Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) adalah virus yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia dengan menginfeksi limfosit CD4+. Turunnya kadar CD4+ persisten mengakibatkan pasien HIV rentan terhadap infeksi oportunistik dan turunnya fungsi kognitif. Hal tersebut menjadi faktor resiko timbulnya depresi pada ODHA (Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS). Depresi semakin meningkatkan resiko penurunan kadar CD4+ pada ODHA. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan kadar CD4+ dengan depresi pada ODHA di Klinik Edelweis RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Metode : Menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan studi cross-sectional. Kadar CD4+ diperoleh dari hasil laboratorium pada rekam medis pasien dan depresi diukur menggunakan Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Skor dari pengukuran antarvariabel diuji menggunakan uji komparatif Chi square dan uji korelatif Spearman's Rank, p dinyatakan bermakna jika bernilai <0,05. Hasil : Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar CD4+ dengan depresi (p=0,03; p<0,05). Odds Ratio (OR) sebesar 0,36 (95% CI= 0,14-0,94). Didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (rho) pada kadar CD4+ sebesar -0,19 (p=0,04; p<0,05). Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar CD4+ dengan depresi pada ODHA. Arah hubungan negatif yaitu semakin tinggi kadar CD4+ maka depresi cenderung menurun dan sebaliknya. ODHA dengan kadar CD4+ <200 sel/mikroliter memiliki kecenderungan untuk depresi 2,78 kali lebih besar dibandingkan ODHA dengan kadar CD4+ >=200 sel/mikroliter.

Background : Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks human immune system by infecting CD4+ lymphocytes. Persistent decline in CD4+ levels makes HIV patients vulnerable to opportunistic infections and decline in cognitive function. Those were risk factors in onset of depression of the PLWHA (People Living With HIV/AIDS). Depression increases the risk of decline in CD4+ levels in PLWHA Objective : Determine the relationship between levels of CD4+ and depression in PLWHA in Edelweiss Clinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Methods : Using the observational analytic method with cross-sectional study approach. Levels of CD4+ obtained from the laboratory test of patient's medical record and depression were measured using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Scores of measurements between variables were tested using Chi-square comparative test and Spearman's Rank correlative test, declared significant if the p-value <0.05. Results : There was a significant relationship between levels of CD4+ and depression (p = 0.03; p <0.05). Odds Ratio (OR) was 0.36 (95% CI = 0.14 to 0.94) and correlation coefficient (rho) on CD4+ levels was -0.19 (p = 0.04; p <0.05). Conclusion : There was a significant correlation between the levels of CD4+ and depression in PLWHA. The relationship has negative direction that the higher levels of CD4+ then the depression tends to decrease and vice versa. PLWHA with CD4+ levels <200 cells/microliter had a tendency to depression 2.78 times more likely than PLWHA with CD4+ levels =200 cells/microliter.

Kata Kunci : kadar CD4+, depresi, HIV/AIDS