POTENSI KARBON HUTAN MANGROVE DI PT BINTUNI UTAMA MURNI WOOD INDUSTRIES, TELUK BINTUNI, PAPUA BARAT

BINSAR LIEM SIHOTANG, Ir Soewarno HB, MS, Dr. Ir. Rishadi Purwanto, M.Agr.Sc

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA HUTAN

Perubahan lahan ekosistem hutan mangrove menjadi lahan tambak, pemukiman, maupun industri pengusahaan hasil hutan telah mengakibatkan deforestasi hutan mangrove di Indonesia selama beberapa dekade. Indonesia dikenal sebagai pemilik hutan mangrove terbesar di dunia dengan luasan hutan mangrove 3,16 juta hektar (21% luasan hutan mangrove dunia), 50% luasan hutan mangrove di Indonesia berada di Papua. Lokasi hutan mangrove yang jauh dan cukup sulit diakses mengakibatkan kondisi hutan mangrove di Papua masih cukup baik dan mempunyai potensi produksi kayu yang tinggi. Penelitian yang dilakukan di PT Bintuni Utama Murni Wood Industries bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kandungan karbon di atas permukaan, di bawah permukaan dan karbon organik tanah di beberapa areal rencana kerja/areal bekas tebangan hutan mangrove. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode nondestruktif dimana pendugaan nilai karbon berdasarkan estimasi biomasa dan tanpa dilakukan penebangan. Nilai kandungan karbon di atas dan di bawah permukaan dihitung menggunakan persamaan allometrik, sedangkan untuk kandungan karbon tanah menggunakan analisis laboratorium untuk menguji sifat fisik dan kimia tanah tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kandungan karbon tertinggi diperoleh di areal bekas tebangan tahun 1994 dengan total kandungan karbon 592,036 Mg C/ha; terdiri dari nilai karbon di atas permukaan 236,880 Mg C/ha, nilai karbon di bawah permukaan 80,388 Mg C/ha (akar), dan karbon organik tanah sebesar 274,768 Mg C/ha, dengan rata-rata nilai kerapatan 1545 individu/hektar. Spesies yang mendominasi adalah Rhizophora apiculata. Kontribusi kandungan karbon yang paling banyak berturut-turut adalah karbon organik tanah yaitu 46%, karbon diatas permukaan (batang) 40%, dan kandungan karbon dibawah permukaan (akar) sebesar 14%

The conversion of mangrove forest ecosystem into farm land, residential, and forest products industry has resulted deforestation of mangrove forests in Indonesia for decades. Indonesia is known as the owner of the largest mangrove forest in the world with an area of 3,16 million hectares of mangrove forests (21% area of mangrove forests of the world), in which the 50% of it is located in Papua. The location of the Papua mangrove forests which is far and quite inaccessible has maintained the condition to be still pristine and having high potential timber production. The research was conducted in PT Bintuni Utama Murni Wood Industries and purposed to determine the carbon storage on the above ground, below ground, and soil organic carbon in some work plan areas/logged over areas. The method was using non-destructive sampling in which the estimation of carbon storage was done without felling the trees. The carbon content values for above and below ground were calculated using allometric equations, while the carbon content for soil organic carbon was using laboratory analysis in to examine physical and chemical properties of the soil. Result shows that the highest carbon content is in logged over area 1994 with a total carbon content 592,036 Mg C/ha; consists from the above ground carbon was 236,880 Mg C/ha, below ground carbon was 80,388 Mg C/ha (root) and 274,768 Mg C/ha (Soil Organic Carbon),with number of the tree was 1545 Individual/hectare. The dominating species is Rhizophora apiculata. The biggest contribution to the carbon content was soil organic carbon which is composed of 46% while the carbon content above ground (stem) is 40% and the below ground carbon (root) is 14%

Kata Kunci : Biomassa, Karbon, Mangrove, Bintuni