IDENTIFIKASI KINERJA KONSULTAN SUPERVISI PROYEK PENANGANAN JALAN NASIONAL (STUDI KASUS : BBPJN-I DI PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA)

KHAIRUNNISA LUBIS, Prof. Dr. Ir. Agus Taufik Mulyono, MT.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Kondisi infrastruktur jalan di Indonesia yang melayani kepentingan multi sektor mempengaruhi performance pelayanan jalan menyebabkan terjadinya problem penyelenggaraan jalan. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap peningkatan laju kerusakan struktural jalan nasional sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan mutu dan kinerja pelayanan jalan nasional. Fenomena penurunan kualitas pelayanan jalan Nasional amat dirasakan oleh kinerja pelayanan jalan nasional khususnya di wilayah BBPJN-I Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang menunjukkan penurunan karena berbagai persoalan baik internal maupun eksternal. Faktor internal sangat berkaitan erat dengan karakter dan kinerja konsultan supervisi (pengawasan) penanganan jalan yang secara langsung akan berdampak terhadap capaian mutu jalan. Untuk menjamin pelaksanaan konstruksi sesuai mutu diperlukan pengawas yang bertugas dalam pengendalian pelaksanaan pekerjaan di lapangan agar hasil pelaksanaan konstruksi memenuhi spesifikasi teknis (tepat mutu, volume, waktu, biaya, fungsi dan tertib administrasi). Mencegah kondisi jalan nasional yang terus mengalami penurunan kondisi (mutu) jalan yang cepat memerlukan perubahan paradigma penanganan jalan nasional yang berbasis pada outcome (manfaat) dan impact (dampak) dengan penilaian mutu konstruksi berdasarkan Performance Related Standard (PRS). Untuk itu diperlukan identifikasi kinerja konsultan supervisi di wilayah kerja BBPJN-I berbasis penerapan SIDLACOM (Survey, Investigation, Design, Land Acquisition, Action Program, Construction, Operation, Maintenance) agar sasaran pengendalian penanganan jalan nasional dapat terwujud sesuai yang diharapkan. Identifikasi kinerja konsultan supervisi pada penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dengan mencermati faktor problem dasar penanganan jalan nasional yang selama ini terjadi ditinjau dari segi teknis maupun non-teknis di wilayah kerja BBPJN-I Provinsi Sumatera Utara secara komprehensif berbasis integrasi SIDLACOM dan ditinjau dari dua aspek yaitu tingkat kepentingan dan tingkat penanganan menggunakan metode Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor dasar masalah kinerja konsultan supervisi di wilayah kerja BBPJN-I Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang menjadi prioritas pertama (utama) penanganan agar sasaran pengendalian penanganan jalan nasional dapat terwujud dari hasil penggabungan analisis kuadran IPA dan analisis CSI tiap faktor, antara lain: (a) Subsistem survei data : pengecekan ulang ketepatan analisis data dalam DED (Tki=66.15; CSI=0.55); (b) Subsistem investigasi permasalahan lapangan : ketepatan analisis penyebab jika terjadi kegagalan pekerjaan konstruksi (Tki=58.11; CSI=0.62); (c) Subsistem detailed engineering design (DED) : pemeriksaan ulang komponen DED jalan yang sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan (Tki=60.27; CSI=0.66); pemeriksaan ulang validasi hasil DED terhadap standar teknis yang legal (Tki=63.12; CSI=0.67); pemeriksaan ulang komponen DED jalan yang memenuhi audit keselamatan (Tki=65.94; CSI=0.68); (d) Subsistem land acquisition : identifikasi ulang jumlah relokasi rumah penduduk terhadap proses penerapan DED (Tki=62.41; CSI=0.62); (e) Subsistem action program : pengendalian capaian progres fisik proyek terhadap target PPK (Tki=67.42; CSI=0.59; (f) Subsistem pengawasan konstruksi : pengawasan metode kerja (Tki=78.46; CSI=0.60); pengawasan progres penyerapan keuangan (Tki=78.90; CSI=0.60); pemahaman sistem manajemen mutu (Tki=79.13; CSI=0.60); pelaporan kegiatan kemajuan proyek (Tki=80.91; CSI=0.60); pengawasan pengukuran hasil pelaksanaan konstruksi (Tki=81.88; CSI=0.60); pemahaman standar dan kriteria teknis (Tki=82.13; CSI=0.60); (g) Subsistem operation : antisipasi pengawasan kerusakan struktural pada awal umur rencana (Tki=62.68; CSI=0.62); (h) Subsistem maintenance : pengawasan standar mutu pemeliharaan konstruksi jalan (Tki=63.57; CSI=0.60).

Conditions of Indonesian road infrastructure which serves the interests of various sectors will affect its service performance resulting in an increased rate of structural damage to the national roads making their quality and service performance poor. The phenomenon of decreases in the service quality of the national roads can be perceived especially from their service performance, particularly the service performance of the national roads within the area of BBPJN-I North Sumatera Province which showed a decline due to various internal and external problems. The internal factors are closely related to the characters and performance of road handling supervising consultants (supervision) which directly affect the quality of the road. To ensure that the construction undertaken meets the specified quality, it is necessary to hire a supervisor in charge of controlling its field execution in order that the result of the construction meets the technical specifications (right quality, volume, time, cost, functions and orderly administration). In order that the national road quality do not get worse, it is necessary to have a paradigm shift in the handling of the national roads which is based on the outcomes (benefits) and impacts where the quality assessment is made based on the Performance Related Standard (PRS). For that reason, it is necessary to identify the supervising consultants’ performance in the working area of BBPJN-I based on the concept of SIDLACOM (Survey, Investigation, Design, Land Acquisition, Action Program, Construction, Operation, and Maintenance) in order that the objectives of the control over the national road handling can be realized as expected. Identification of the supervising consultants’ performance in the present study was made using questionnaires by highlighting the factors of basic problems concerning the handling of the national roads which had occurred so far viewed from both the technical and non-technical aspects in working area of BBPJN-I of North Sumatera Province comprehensively based on the SIDLACOM integration and seen from two aspects, namely: the importance level and the handling level using the methods of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The findings suggest that factor of basic problems concerning the supervising consultants’ performance in working area of BBPJN-I North Sumatera Province is put in the top handling priority in order that the objectives of controlling the national road handling can be met using the combination of the IPA quadrant analysis and the CSI analysis of each factor, among others: (a) the data survey subsystem : re-examination of the accuracy of the data analysis contained in the DED (Tki=66.15; CSI=0.55); (b) the field problem investigation subsystem : the accuracy of the cause analysis in case of construction failure (Tki=58.11; CSI=0.62); (c) the detailed engineering design (DED) subsystem: re-examination of the DED components of the road which have suited the field conditions (Tki=60.27; CSI=0.66); re-examination of the DED result validation based on the legal technical standards (Tki=63.12; CSI=0.67); re-examination of the DED components of the road which meet the safety audit (Tki=65.94; CSI=0.68); (d) the land acquisition subsystem: reidentification of the number of residents’ relocated houses in relation to the process of DED implementation (Tki=62.41; CSI=0.62); (e) the action program subsystem : control over the achieved physical progress of the project towards the targets of PPK (Tki=67.42; CSI=0.59; (f) the construction supervision subsystem : supervision on the working method (Tki=78.46; CSI=0.60); supervision on the financial absorption progress (Tki=78.90; CSI=0.60); understanding of the quality management system (Tki=79.13; CSI=0.60); reporting on the progress of the project (Tki=80.91; CSI=0.60); supervision on measurement of construction result (Tki=81.88; CSI=0.60); understanding of the technical standards and criteria (Tki=82.13; CSI=0.60); (g) the operation subsystem : anticipatory supervision on the structural damage which occurs in the early design life (Tki=62.68; CSI=0.62); (h) the maintenance subsystem : supervision on the quality standards of the road construction maintenance (Tki=63.57; CSI=0.60).

Kata Kunci : kinerja konsultan supervisi, pengendalian proyek, mutu, volume, waktu, biaya, fungsi dan tertib administrasi, IPA, CSI, SIDLACOM