SEL SURYA BERBASIS POLI (3-HEKSILTIOFEN)/FULEREN

YULIZA SOFIANTI, Dr. Indriana Kartini, Dr. Yateman Arryanto

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan sel surya organik menggunakan campuran senyawa polimer P3HT [Poli(3-heksiltiofen)] dan PCBM ([6,6]-fenil C61 asam butirat metil ester, fuleren). Pada penelitian ini dikaji pengaruh pelarut terhadap serapan lapis tipis campuran P3HT dan PCBM, dan pengaruh intensitas cahaya masuk terhadap kinerja sel surya. Dilakukan pula perbandingan kinerja sel surya yang disusun oleh 1 dan 2 lapisan aktif organik. Sel surya organik dibuat dengan melakukan deposisi larutan campuran polimer P3HT-PCBM sebagai lapisan tipis di atas substrat kaca konduktif (ITO, tin-doped Indium Oxide) yang telah dilapisi dengan lapisan tipis larutan PEDOT:PSS ((poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)). Deposisi kedua lapisan tipis dilakukan dengan metode spin coating. Lapisan alumunium kemudian dideposisikan menggunakan metode evaporasi vakum di atas lapisan tipis P3HT-PCBM. Larutan P3HT, PCBM, dan campuran P3HT-PCBM dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer inframerah dan UV-Vis. Sistem sel surya yang diperoleh ditentukan kinerjanya melalui pengukuran arus (I) dan tegangan (V) menggunakan alat ukur I-V Kethley 2602A pada kondisi gelap dan terang. Spektra inframerah larutan campuran P3HT-PCBM menunjukkan pembentukan campuran heterogen P3HT-PCBM tanpa pembentukan senyawa baru. Berdasarkan pola serapan elektroniknya, pelarut klorobensena merupakan pelarut yang lebih baik digunakan untuk pembuatan lapisan tipis P3HT-PCBM dibandingkan kloroform. Lapis tipis campuran polimer P3HT-PCBM dengan perlakuan pemanasan mempunyai intesitas serapan cahaya UV-Vis yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan lapisan tipis tanpa pemanasan. Deposisi campuran polimer P3HT-PCBM sebanyak dua lapis memberikan kinerja sel surya yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem satu lapis. Peningkatan efisiensi sel surya diperoleh sejalan dengan peningkatan intensitas cahaya yang dipaparkan. Efisiensi sel surya sebesar 1,07% diperoleh dengan pencahayaan 1000 W/m2.

Fabrication of solar cells using a mixture of organic compounds of P3HT polymer (poly (3-hexylthiophene)) and PCBM (PhenylC61butyric acid methylester, fullerene) has been studied. The effect of solvent on the absorption spectra of thin layers of P3HT, PCBM, and the mixture; and the influence of the light intensity on the performance of solar cells were studied. The effect of single and double deposited active organic layers on the solar cell's performance was compared. Organic solar cells were prepared by deposition of polymer mixed solution of P3HT-PCBM as a thin layer on a conductive glass substrate (ITO, tin-doped indium oxide) which has been coated with a thin layer of solution of PEDOT: PSS ((poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate)). Thin layers deposition was done using spin coating technique. Layer of aluminum was then deposited using vacuum evaporation on the surface of thin layer of P3HT-PCBM. Solutions of P3HT, PCBM and P3HT-PCBM mixture were characterized using infrared and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The solar cell system performance was determined by measuring current (I) and voltage (V) using I-V meter Kethley 2602A in dark and light conditions. Infrared spectra of P3HT-PCBM mixed solution showed the formation of a heterogeneous mixture of P3HT-PCBM without the formation of new compounds. Based on the electronic absorption spectra, chlorobenzene was better solvent compared to chloroform to prepare the solution of P3HT-PCBM. Thin layers of polymer blends of P3HT-PCBM prepared with heat treatment showed a UV-Vis absorption higher than that of thin layer prepared without heating. Two-layers deposition of polymer blends of P3HT-PCBM provided better solar cell performance than that prepared as one-layer. Increased solar cell's efficiency is obtained as increasing the light intensity of the incoming light. Solar cell efficiency of 1.07% was obtained under illumination of 1000 W/m2.

Kata Kunci : sel surya organik, P3HT, PCBM, efisiensi/organic solar cell, P3HT, PCBM, efficiency