Kajian Toksoplasmosis secara Serologis dan Gambaran Histopatologis Organ Jantung, Limpa dan Ginjal pada Itik Lokal

ACHMAD YUSVIANSYAH HUMAAM, drh. Slamet Rahardjo, MP.

2014 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Toksoplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. Penyakit ini bersifat zoonosis dapat menyerang manusia dan hewan ternak. Kejadian toksoplasmosis pada hewan unggas diantaranya itik berhubungan dengan cara penularan toksoplasmosis yang sangat mudah terutama melalui makanan atau air yang tercemar oleh oosista Toxoplasma gondii yang telah bersporulasi di alam bebas. Toxoplasma gondii mempunyai beberapa stadium diantaranya takizoit, bradizoit, oosista, skizon, gamet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi toksoplasmosis dan gambaran histopatologi jantung, limpa dan ginjal pada itik. Sampel darah itik diperoleh dari desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Bambanglipuro Bantul Yogyakarta sebanyak 30 sampel darah itik. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan melalui vena brachialis pada masing-masing itik. Sampel darah untuk setiap itiknya diambil sebanyak 2 ml kemudian disentrifus untuk diambil serumnya. Serum selanjutnya diuji dengan Pastorex Toxo. Itik yang positif toksoplasmosis dieuthanasi lalu diambil organ jantung, limpa dan ginjal kemudian dijadikan preparat. Berdasar hasil pengujian dengan Pastorex Toxo diperoleh prevalensi seropositif toksoplasmosis pada itik di desa Sidomulyo kecamatan Bambanglipuro Bantul Yogyakarta 53,33%. Gambaran histopatologi organ jantung, limpa dan ginjal tidak ditemukan adanya sista jaringan atau bradizoit.

Toxoplasmosis was a zoonotic disease caused by infection of protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. It affect human and animal also including poultry. The incidence of toxoplasmosis in birds including ducks relate in a way that was very easy transmission of toxoplasmosis primarily through contaminated food or water by oocytes of Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii has several stadia including takizoit, bradizoit, oocyst, schizonts, gametes. The aim of this research was to study the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and histopathological figure of the heart, spleen, and kidney. Thirty ducks were used in this research. The blood samples were obtained from Sidomulyo subdistrict of Bambanglipuro district of Bantul Yogyakarta. The blood collected through the brachial vein each of them. The blood samples were taken for each of them as much as 2 ml and then centrifuged to obtaine the serum. Serum then test using Pastorex Toxo.Ducks seropositiveof toxoplasmosis were euthanized and the samples organ of heart, spleen and kidneys were sent for histopatological preparation. Based on the test results with Pastorex Toxo were obtained prevalence of toxoplasmosis on ducks in Sidomulyo subdistrict of Bambanglipuro district of Bantul Yogyakarta was 53.33%. Histopathological figure of the heart, spleen and kidney tissue did not reveal any cysts or bradizoit.

Kata Kunci : toksoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, prevalensi, histopatologi, Pastorex Toxo