ANTIPATI MASYARAKAT KOREA SELATAN TERHADAP JEPANG DAN KEGAGALAN PENANDATANGANAN GSOMIA

SEO JUNG HYUN, Dr.Poppy S.Winanti, MPP., M.Sc.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Kegagalan penandatanganan General Security of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA) antara Korsel dan Jepang sangat penting dalam hubungan internasional di kawasan Asia Timur. Menurut pemerintah Korsel, Korsel yang diancam Korut membutuhkan kemampuan intelijen militer Jepang, maupun kerja sama keamanan yang lebih ketat dengan AS, Jepang, sehingga GSOMIA dengan Jepang harus ditandatangani. Namun, penandatanganan GSOMIA telah gagal pada 2012 sebab adanya penolakan masyarakat Korsel terhadapnya, dan penolakan tersebut berkaitan erat dengan antipati masyarakat Korsel terhadap Jepang. Untuk memahami antipati masyarakat Korsel terhadap Jepang serta pengaruhnya terhadap kegagalan penandatanganan GSOMIA tersebut, harus didahulukan pemahaman akan kejadian-kejadian masa lalu antarkedua bangsa serta bagaimana pemahaman masyarakat Korsel terhadapnya. Dalam skripsi ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan data-data historis dan kontemporer untuk menjelaskan kemunclan, pembentukan, dan pemertahanan antipati tersebut hingga kini, serta membahas perkembangan perundingan, perdebatan, dan penolakan terhadap GSOMIA. Menurut hasil penelitian, antipati terhadap Jepang muncul sejak zaman kuno, diperkuat melalui masa penjajahan, dan dipertahankan dalam masyarakat Korsel hingga kini. Antipati tehadap Jepang yang menimbulkan penolakan masyarakat Korsel tersebut, berkaitan erat dengan pengalaman negatif terkait Jepang pada masa lalu. Inti antipati masyarakat Korsel terhadap Jepang, yang terlihat dalam kasus ini, merupakan (1) ketidakpercayaan terhadap Jepang, yakni kewaspadaan obsesif terhadap ambisi Jepang untuk mengagresi Korea, dan (2) Han terhadap Jepang yang menimbulkan keengganan emosional terhadap kerja sama keamanan dengan Jepang. Akan tetapi, pemahaman obsesif terhadap maksud Jepang, serta keenganan secara emosional terhadap Jepang tersebut menghalangi pertimbangan rasional, sehingga dapat berdampak negatif pada kepentingan keamanan Korsel.

The failure to conclude General Security of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA) between South Korea and Japan is very important in international relations in East Asia. According to the government of South Korea which is threatened North Korea, they requires the intelligence capacity of Japanese military, and the tighter security cooperation with US and Japan, therefore GSOMIA with Japan should be signed. However, the signing of GSOMIA failed in 2012 because of the rejection of South Korea society to it, and the rejection is closely related to the public antipathy towards Japan in South Korea. To understand public antipathy towards Japan in South Korea, which had influence on the failure of GSOMIA, it is an essential prerequisite the understanding of the past events between the two nations as well as the understanding of South Koreans understanding of it. In this paper, the author use the method of quantitative research with historical and contemporary data to explain emergence, formation, and retention of the antipathy until now, then to discuss the progress of negotiations, debate, and rejection to GSOMIA. According to the research result, the antipathy towards Japan appeared since ancient times, be strengthened through the colonial period, and be maintained in South Korea society until now. The antipathy towards Japan which caused rejection of South Korea society, closely related to negative expreriences with Japan in the past. The core of the antipathy towards japan in South Korea, which appears in this case, is that (1) the distrust of Japan, the obsessive vigilance of Japanese ambition to invade Korea, and (2) Han towards Japan which arouse emotional aversion to security cooperation with Japan. However, the obsessive understanding of Japanese intention, and the emotional aversion to Japan could prevent rational consideration, thus it can have a negative impact on national security interest of South Korea.

Kata Kunci : Antipati, GSOMIA