Implikasi pergeseran peran Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah di era otonomi daerah :: Studi kasus DPRD Kabupaten Kampar

KEMAL, Dr. Riswandha Imawan

2002 | Tesis | Magister Administrasi Publik

Salah satu tujuan dipisahkannya Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah sebagai lembaga Legislatif dan Kepala Daerah beserta perangkat Daerah sebagai Eksekutif Sesuai dengan tujuan Otonomi daerah sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 adalah untuk meningkatkan peran dan Fungsi legislasi, anggaran dan Pengawasan DPRD terhadap pelaksanaan kebijaksanan Daerah oleh Kepala daerah. Pergeseran peran dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah tersebut mengandung implikasi positif dan implikasi negatif. Sesuai dengan perumusan masalah penelitian ini yakni bagaimana implikasi pergeseran Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah , studi kasus di kabupaten Kampar Riau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmelihat peran DPRD di Era Orde Baru dan peran DPRD di Era Otonomi Daerah menurut Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999. Penelitian ini menggunakan tehnik analisa komparatif yaitu dengan membandingkan peran DPRD di Era Orde Baru dengan peran DPRD di Era Otonorni daerah priode 1999-2004. Kemudian data dikumpulkan dengan beberapa tehnik pengumpulan data yakni ; tehnik dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancarakornbinasi. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian di analisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Komposisi keanggotaan Dewan perwakilan Rakyat Daerah di Era Orde Baru sangat didominasi oleh Golkar sebesar 60-64 % dan Fraksi ABRl sebesar 20-22 % , jadi penggabungan kedua partai pemenntah ini mendominasi keanggotaan partai politik di DPRD Kabupaten Kampar sebesar 80- 86 %. Golkar juga mendomiansi unsur pimpinan DPRD dan unsur pimpinan ditingkat Komisi. Beberapa implikasi positif dari pelaksanaan fungsi-fungsi DPRD di Era Ode Baru antara lain : proses pembahasan suatu Rancangan Perda dan RAPBD berjalan mulus tanpa ada hambatan selalu sejalan dengan keinginan Pemerintah daerah. Sedangkan implikasi negatif peran DPRD di Era Orde baru ,antara lain : proses pengesahan suatu Peraturan daerah relatif lama karena menunggu persetujuan Gubernur yang terkadang sarat dengan kepentingan penguasa yang lebih tinggi. Dan hubungan Kepala Daerah dengan DPRD berjalan cukup harmonis, karena mayoritas anggota DPRD dari Golkar yang mana penasehat DPD II Golkar adalah Bupati KDH Kampar. Sedangkan komposisi keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat daerah priode 1999-2004 ,telah tejadi pergeseran dari hegemoni Golkar menjadi komposisi equal dan dari 4 fraksi pada beberapa priode sebelumnya menjadi 9 fraksi pada priode 1999-2004. lrnplikasi positif dari pergeseran peran DPRD,antara lain : proses pengesahan Perda relatif cepat karena cukup disyahkan oleh DPRD, DPRD dapat menjatuhkan Bupati Kepala daerah dengan menolak Laporan Pertanggung jawaban Bupati. Dan lmplikasi negatif dari peran DPRD sekarang ,antara lain : pengesahan Rancangan APBD ada indikasi dijadikan ajang kolusi antara DPRD dengan Kepala Daerah terutama dalam ha1 penetapan anggaran DPRD sesuai dengan yang di inginkan. Sedangkan hubungan DPRD dan Kepala Daerah dipriode sekarang dapat ditinjau dari dua persfektif yaitu secara kelembagaan kurang harmonis namun ditinjau dari persfektif individu beberapa fraksi hubungannya cukup harmonis

One of the objectives of splitting The Regional Legislative Body as a Regina1 Parliament from The Head of Municipality with his staff as executives in line with the objectives of Local Autonomy as was outlined in the 1999 Regulations Number 22 is to enhance the role and functions of legislation, budget and control of The Regional Legislative Body on the implementation of regional policies by the Head of the Municipality. The change of the role of the Regional Legislative Body has both positive and negative implications. In accordance with the problem formulation of this research that is the implications of the change of Regional Legislative Body, a case study in Kampar Regency, Riau. This research is meant to see the role of Regional Chamber in the New Order Era and The role of Regional Legislative Body in the Local Autonomy Era according to the 1999 Regulations Number 22 . This research was using comparative analysis technique by comparing the role of The Regional Legislative Body in the New Order Era with the role of The Regional Legislative Body in the Regional Autonomy Era for the period of 1999-2004. The data were then compiled by using several techniques: documentation, observation, and interview I combination The collected data were analyzed by using qualitative method. The composition of The Regional Legislative Body members in The New Order Era was dominated by Golkar and The Army Fraction which accounted for 60-64% and 20-22% respectively. The combination of the two government parties, therefore, dominated the political parties membership in The Regional Legislative Body of the Kampar Regency as many as 80- 86%. Golkar also dominated the chief positions in The Regional Legislative Body as well as in the commission levels. Among other positive implications of the implementation of The Regional Legislative Body functions during the New Order Era was: the process of discussing the drafts of Local Regulations and Local Budget went smoothly without any hindrances. All went along with the expectation of the Legislative Regulation took much more time due to the belated approval by the Governor which was very often full of the higher-rank authorities' interests. The relationship between the Head of Municipality and The Regional Legislative Body went harmoniously because the majority of the Regional Legislative Body members were from Golkar and the advisor of Regional Golkar Council was the Regent of Kampar Regency. The composition of the members of the Regional Legislative Body for the period of 1999-2004 has changed from the Golkar hegemony to equal composition and from 4 fractions in several previous periods to 9 fractions for 1999-2004 period. Positive implications of the role change of the Regional Legislatif Body are among others: the process of Regional Regulations legalization is relatively fast because it only needs to be legalized by the Regional Legislative Body, the Regional Legislative Body can compel the Regent to step down by disagreeing the Regent's accountability report. Part of the negative implications of the current Regional Legislative Body role is: the legalization of the draft of the Local budget is indicated to be a means of collusion between the Regional Legislative Body and the Regent especially in determining the favored Regional Legislative Body budget. The relationship between the Regional Legislative Body and the Regent of the present period, on the other hand, can be reviewed from two perspectives, namely: the relationship is not harmonious institutionally, but personally the relationship of some fractions is fairly harmonious.

Kata Kunci : Otonomi Daerah,Peran DPRD