STUDI PENGARUH ETANOL SEBAGAI BAHAN PERENDAM TERHADAP KUALITAS SIMPLISIA TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) YANG DIKERINGKAN DENGAN PANAS MATAHARI

DANANG AUDITYA RAMADHANI, Andayana Puspitasari, S.Si., M.Si., Apt.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Temulawak merupakan tanaman obat yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat. Pengeringan tanaman obat dapat dilakukan dengan panas matahari, tetapi rentan ditumbuhi mikroorgansime. Penggunaan etanol sebagai bahan perendam diharapkan dapat menekan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme selama pengeringan tanpa mempengaruhi senyawa aktif simplisia temulawak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh etanol sebagai bahan perendam terhadap kualitas simplisia temulawak. Temulawak segar dicuci kemudian dirajang lalu hasil rajangan direndam dengan etanol 0, 10, dan 25 % v/v selama ± 25 menit. Hasil rendaman dikeringkan selama 9 hari. Kualitas simplisia temulawak ditentukan oleh profil kromatografi lapis tipis ekstrak metanolik dan minyak atsiri simplisia temulawak, kadar kurkuminoid total, kadar minyak atsiri, angka lempeng total, serta angka kapang khamir. Kadar kurkuminoid total ditentukan dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Kadar minyak atsiri ditentukan dengan destilasi Stahl. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan statistik inferensial pada taraf kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan etanol sebagai bahan perendam tidak menurunkan kadar kurkuminoid total, menurunkan kadar minyak atsiri, meningkatkan cemaran bakteri, serta menurunkan cemaran kapang dan khamir.

Temulawak are medicinal plants that commonly used by Indonesian. Medicinal plants can be dried by solar drying, but it has risk of microbial contamination. The use of ethanol as soaking agents is expected to inhibit microbial growth during drying without affecting the active compound of dried temulawak. This research aim to study the effect of ethanol as soaking agents to dried temulawak quality. Fresh temulawak was washed then sliced and soaked in ethanol solution 0, 10, and 25 % v/v for ± 25 minutes. Then, it was dried for 9 days. The quality of dried temulawak was determined by thin layer chromatography profile from methanolic extracts and essential oils of dried temulawak, total curcuminoids content, essential oils content, total plate count, and total yeast and mold count. Total curcuminoids content was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Essential oils content was determined by Stahl Distillation. The data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistic with confidence levels at 95 %. The results showed ethanol as soaking agents did not reduced total curcuminoid contents, reduced essential oils content, increased bacterial growth, and inhibited mold and yeast growth.

Kata Kunci : temulawak, etanol, senyawa aktif, mikroorganisme