PENGARUHPEMBERIAN ETANOL SECARA KRONIK TERHADAP EKSPRESI RESEPTOR D1 DOPAMINCORTEX PREFRONTALIS PADA TIKUS (Rattusnorvegicus)

ROCHMAN BASUKI, Dr. dr. Djoko Prakosa, PA(K); dr. Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari, M.Kes., PA(K),

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Latar belakang : Konsumsi etanol secara kronik dapat menyebabkan gangguan neurologis,berupa penuruna n fungsi memori.Hal tersebut diduga karena adanya penurunan ekspresi reseptor D1dopamin cortex prefrontalis (CPF) akibat etanol. Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh pemberian etanol secara kronik terhadap ekspresi reseptor D1dopamin padaCPF. Metode :Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan posttest-only-randomized control design. Subjek penelitian berupatikus (Rattusnorvegicus)sebanyak 20 ekor yang secara random dibagimenjadi 4 kelompok (K, P1, P2 dan P3).Setiap kelompok terdiri 5 ekor. KelompokK tidak diberi perlakuan. Kelompok P1, P2 dan P3 diberi etanol 15% secara intra peritoneal selama 20 hari dengan dosis berturut-turut 1, 2 dan 3 g/kgbb/hari. Hari ke-33 tikus dikorbankan. Kemudian dilanjutkan pembuatan preparathistologi sel CPF dengan pewarnaani munohisto kimia Anti-Dopamine Reseptor D1 dopaminantibody, isotype IgG2b. Sel CPF yang mengekspresikanreseptor D1 dopamin dihitung dengan pembesaran 400x. Analisis statistik menggunakan One way ANOVA. Hasil : Setelahpemberianetanol15% selama 20 hari, rerata persentasi jumlah sel yang mengekspresikanreseptor D1 dopamin perlapangan pandang pada kelompok K, P1, P2 dan P3 berturut-turut 69,73%, 60,65%, 51,52% dan 32,11%. Ada perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) dengan uji One way ANOVA padasel yang mengekspresikan reseptor D1 dopamin yaitu 0,004.Kemudian dilanjutkan uji Post Hocyang menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara kelompok K dengan P2 dan K dengan P3yaitu berturut-turut 0,026 dan 0,003. Jumlah rerata seluruh sel CPF perlapangan pandang pada kelompok K, P1, P2 dan P3 berturut-turut 40,37, 32,17, 33,85 dan 41,51. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dengan uji One way ANOVA yaitu p = 0,159 (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Pemberian etano lsecara kronik dengan dosis 2 dan 3 gr/kgbb/hari menurunkan ekspresi reseptor D1 dopamin CPF melalui mekanisme down-regulation.

Background:The chronical consumption of ethanol may cause neurological disorders such as the declining of memory function. It issuspected to the reduction of Dopamine D1 receptor in prefrontal cortex (PFC). Objective : The purpose of this research is to explain the effect chronical consumption of ethanol to dopamine D1 receptor in cortex prefrontalis on rat. Methods: This reseach type uses post-test-only-randomized-control design. Subject of the research is rat (Rattusnorvegicus) in amount of 20 which are divided into 4 groups (C, P1, P2, and P3). Each of the groups includes 5 rat. Group P1, P2, P3 are sequentially distributed by ethanol 15% in the dosage of 1, 2, 3 g/kg body mass/day for 20 days. Then the research is continued termination of the rats with eter alcohol for decapitation process. Then the research is continued the making ofhistological preparation being issued immunohistochemistrycolouringwithAnti-Dopamine Reseptor D1 dopaminantibody, isotype IgG2b by, PFC cells expressed by dopamin DI receptor are measured. Statistic analysis uses one way ANOVA for dopamine D1 receptor expression. Results: After distributed by ethanol 15% for 20 days,the mean percentage is counted of PFC cells expressed by dopamine DI each field of view group K, P1, P2 and P3 shows sequentially which are 69,73%, 60,65%, 51,52% and 32,11%. There is significant difference (p<0.05) by One Way ANOVA test of PFC cells expressed by dopamine DI which is0,004. Advancing to Post Hoc test showsthere is a significant different ((p<0.05) between C group with P2 and C with P3 which sequentially are 0,026 and 0,003. The mean is counted of PFC cells each field of view group K, P1, P2 and P3 shows sequentially which are 40,37, 32,17, 33,85 and 41,51. There is not significant differenceby One Way ANOVA testwhich is 0,159 (p>0,05). Conclusion: The chronical consumption of ethanol in the dosage 2 and 3 g/kg body mass/day depresses the expression of dopamin D1 receptor PFC through downregulation mechanism.

Kata Kunci : Etanol, reseptor D1 dopamin,cortex prefrontalis