MIKROSPOROGENESIS PADA Crinum asiaticum L. DAN Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. (Amaryllidaceae): STUDI ANATOMI DAN ULTRASTRUKTURAL

HENDRA WARDHANA, Prof. Dr. Issirep Sumardi

2015 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Penelitian perkembangan antera dan serbuk sari pada Crinum asiaticum L. dan Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. telah dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Antera dikoleksi dari berbagai ukuran kuncup bunga yang merepresentasikan tahap perkembangan. Untuk pengamatan dengan mikroskop cahaya, antera difiksasi dengan FAA dan diiris melintang dengan metode paraffin. Untuk pengamatan Scanning Electron Microscope, antera diiris melintang secara free hand section dengan ketebalan 5 mm. Sampel antera diamati dengan mikroskop JEOL JSM T-300 SEM. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan antera kedua spesies bertipe tetrasporangiate dengan lapisan dinding epidermis, endotesium, lapisan tengah dan tapetum. Dinding antera C. asiaticum L. memiliki epidermis dengan tonjolan (cuping), tiga lapis sel lapisan tengah dan tapetum sekretori. Dinding antera H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. memiliki epidermis berbentuk lonjong, dua lapis sel lapisan tengah dan tapetum amoeboid. Endotesium pada kedua spesies mengalami penebalan fibrosa. Orbikula dijumpai pada antera C. asiaticum L., namun tidak dijumpai di H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.. Serbuk sari C. asiaticum L. dan H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. bertipe monosulcate. Ornamentasi dinding serbuk sari C. asiaticum L. berbentuk duri-duri kecil (spinula), sedangkan H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. berbentuk jala (reticulate). Pembelahan inti serbuk sari pada H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. terjadi di dalam mikrosporangium sebelum antera pecah.

Anther and pollen development of Crinum asiaticum L. and Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. was observed using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The anthers were collected from different size of flower buds that represented development stages. For LM observation, the anthers were fixed with FAA and cross-cut with paraffin method. For SEM observation, the anthers were cross-cut using free hand method with 5 mm thickness. The anthers were observed with JEOL JSM T-300 SEM microscope. The result showed that the anthers of both species were tetrasporangiate with tissues compose of epidermis, endotechium, middle layer, and tapetum layer. The anther wall of C. asiaticum L. had epidermal protrusion, three layers of middle layer tissue, and secretory/glanduler tapetum. The anther wall of H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. had oval epidermis, two layers of middle layer tissue, and amoeboid/non-glanduler tapetum. The endotechium of both species developed to fibrous thickening cells . Orbicule was found in the anther of C. asiaticum L., but was not found in H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.. The pollen type of C. asiaticum L. and H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. was monosulcate. The pollen wall ornamentation of C. asiaticum was small spines (spinula) and was reticulate in H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.. The pollen nucleus division of H. littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. occurred before the anther dehiscence and the pollen was out from the anther.

Kata Kunci : Amaryllidaceae, mikrosporogenesis, perkembangan, dinding antera, serbuk sari