PENGARUH PEMBERIAN FERMENTASI COMPLETE FEED BERBASIS PAKAN LOKAL TERHADAP KINERJA KAMBING BLIGON JANTAN

LUCKY LATIFAH MUNAWAROH, Prof. Ir. I Gede Suparta Budisatria., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian complete feed yang difermentasi terhadap kualitas complete feed dan kinerja kambing Bligon jantan. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama dua belas minggu di kandang kelompok tani Purwomanunggal Panggang Gunung Kidul. Ternak kambing Bligon jantan 15 ekor dengan bobot awal 12 – 15 kg dengan 8 bulan, tiga perlakuan, dan lima ulangan. Ketiga perlakuan tersebut adalah: perlakuan 1 (R1), merupakan perlakuan kontrol, perlakuan 2 (R2), kambing diberi pakan complete feed yang difermentasi satu minggu, dan perlakuan 3 (R3), kambing diberi pakan complete feed yang difermentasi dua minggu. Data yang diambil meliputi kualitas complete feed, konsumsi dan kecernaan nutrien, pertumbuhan ternak, konversi pakan, feed cost per gain, dan income over feed cost. Data dianalisis statistik dengan analisis variansi rancangan acak lengkap pola searah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s multiple range test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa complete feed yang difermentasi dua minggu cenderung mempunyai warna yang lebih tua dan bau yang lebih menyengat dibandingkan dengan complete feed yang difermentasi satu minggu, kedua ransum mempunyai tekstur yang lunak dan tidak terdapat jamur dengan kisaran pH 4,5– 5,0. Konsumsi bahan kering, bahan organik, protein kasar, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan total digestible nutrients secara nyata dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan pakan. Rerata konsumsi BK pada R0 ,R1 dan R2 adalah 81,18±22,30, 43,29±6,26, dan 49,52±5,912 g/kg BB0,75, sedangkan konsumsi protein kasar dan total digestible nutrients berturut-turut adalah 13,05±3,58, 4,76±0,68, 4.30±0,98 dan 57,57±15,8, 36,22±5,23, 42,67±5,09. Kecernaan acid detergent fiber dan neutral detergent fiber tidak menunjukkan perbedaan. Perlakuan pakan juga berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan harian, konversi pakan, feed cost per gain, dan income over feed cost. Meskipun konsumsi nutrien kambing yang diberi complete feed fermentasi lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pakan kontrol, akan tetapi complete feed fermentasi satu dan dua minggu mampu memberikan pertumbuhan yang setara dengan pakan kontrol.

The objective of the research was to identify the effect of fermented complete feed on the quality of complete feed and performances of male Bligon goats. The research was conducted for twelve weeks in the housing of goat farmers at Purwomanunggal farmers’ group, Panggang, Gunungkidul district. Fifteen male Bligon goats aged at eight months old and initial body weight of 12 to 15 kg, were randomly divided into three treatments, each treatment was consisted of five male goats. The treatments were: 1)Control feed (R0), 2)One week fermented complete feed (R1), and 3) Two weeks fermented complete feed (R2). The variables were consisted of quality of complete feed, feed intakes and nutrient digestibility, average daily gain, feed conversion, feed cost per gain, and income over feed cost. One way analysis of variance were used to analyze the mean differences and continued with Duncan’s multiple range test for significant differences. The result showed that two weeks fermented complete feed had darker colour and stronger odors compared to one week fermented complete feed. Both of one week and two weeks fermented complete feed had soft textures, no fungi with the range of pH was 4.5–5.0. The intakes of dry matter, organic matters, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat and total digestible nutrients were significantly (P<0.05) affected by treatments, goat fed with control feed had higher intakes compared to goats fed with one week and two weeks fermented complete feed. The average of dry matter intake for R0,R1, and R2 were 81.18±22.30, 43.29±6.26,and 49.52±5.912 g/kg BB0.75, while crude protein and total digestible nutrients intakes were 13.05±3.58,4.76±0.68,4.30±0.98 and 57.57±15.8, 36.22±5.23, 42.67±5.09 g/kg BB0.75, respectively. No significant effect of feed treatments were found on the digestibility of acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre, average daily gain, feed conversion, feed cost per gain and income over feed cost. It is concluded that with the lower nutrient intakes, one week and two weeks fermented complete feed can produce a similar growth of male Bligon goats.

Kata Kunci : Fermentasi complete feed, Bahan pakan lokal, Kinerja, Kambing Bligon jantan