ANALISIS PROTEIN DAN ANATOMIS SERBUK SARI BUNGA KECRUTAN (Spathodea campanulata Beauv.) YANG BERPOTENSI ALERGEN

JANIS DAMAIYANI, Dr. Yekti Asih Purwestri, M.Si.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Spathodea campanulata merupakan spesies koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi dan direferensikan sebagai tanaman peneduh jalan. Salah satu syarat tanaman peneduh jalan adalah serbuk sarinya tidak bersifat alergenik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka deteksi kealergenitasan serbuk sari S. campanulata penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi alergen dari serbuk sari S. campanulata berdasarkan analisis protein dan anatomis. Analisis protein serbuk sari yaitu dengan penentuan berat molekul protein melalui metode SDS-PAGE. Analisis anatomis meliputi analisis ultrastruktur serbuk sari dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan ultrastruktur pro-orbikula pada sel tapetum dengan menggunakan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Pita protein yang muncul pada gel SDS-PAGE, ultrastruktur serbuk sari, dan ultrastruktur pro-orbikula pada sel tapetum yang dapat menambah kealergenitasan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pita protein pada serbuk sari S. campanulata diperkirakan berpotensi sebagai alergen dengan berat molekul 10-70 kDa, terdiri dari 68, 66, 55, 48, 39, 38, 29, 27, 19, dan 16 kDa. Ultrastruktur serbuk sari S. campanulata mendukung kealergenitasan dengan ukuran butir kurang dari 100 μm, orbikula menempel pada permukaan serbuk sari yang bertipe reticulate, apertura bertipe tricolpate. Dengan demikian kesempatan protein alergenik keluar dari serbuk sari diperkirakan lebih besar. Pada sel tapetum kepala sari S. campanulata ditemukan adanya pro-orbikula yang dapat menambah kealergenitasan dari serbuk sari. Kata kunci : Spathodea campanulata, serbuk sari, alergen, protein, anatomis.

Spathodea campanulata is plant collection of Purwodadi Botanical Garden and recomended as plant road side. The requirement to be plant road side is the pollen does not cause allergy. Based on that, detection the allergenicity of S. campanulata pollen important to be investigated. The aim of this research are to know the potency allergenicity of S. campanulata pollen based on protein and anatomical analysis. In protein analysis, the molecular weight of protein pollen was characterized by SDS-PAGE. In anatomical analysis, ultrastructure of the pollen was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and pro-orbicule in the tapetum cell was observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The protein bands on the gel of SDS-PAGE, ultrastructure of pollen, and ultrastructure of pro-orbicules in the tapetum cell were analysed by descriptive. The results of this research showed that the protein bands in the S. campanulata pollen were expected potential as allergen with molecular weight 10-70 kDa, consist of 68, 66, 55, 48, 39, 38, 29, 27, 19, dan 16 kDa respectively. The ultrastructure of S. campanulata pollen which supported the allergenicity are: the size of pollen grain less than 100 μm, the orbicules adhere in the surface of pollen grain that have reticulate type, and the type of aperture was tricolpate. Taken together, this results indicated that the opportunity of the allergenic protein to get out from pollen was greater. In addition, the pro-orbicules produced by the tapetum cell of anther could increase the allergenicity. Key words: Spathodea campanulata, pollen, allergen, protein, anatomical

Kata Kunci : Spathodea campanulata, serbuk sari, alergen, protein, anatomis; pollen, allergen, protein, anatomical