ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

SITI HARIATI YUWANI, Prof. Dr. Ir. Irham, M.Sc; Dr. Jamhari SP., MP.

2014 | Tesis | S2 MANAJEMEN AGRIBISNIS

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengetahui kelayakan usaha, (2) mengestimasi kontribusi usaha perikanan terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga, dan (3) merumuskan strategi pengembangan usaha pembenihan,dan pembesaran komoditi ikan Nila, Lele dan Gurami di Kabupaten Sleman. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Ngemplak, Moyudan dan Minggir yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara proporsional dengan mewawancari 15 orang pembudidaya untuk tiap usaha. Analisis data yang dilakukan pada usaha kelayakan menggunakan kriteria Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit Cost (Net B/C), Payback Period (PP), Break Event Point dan (BEP). Kontribusi usaha menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan rumus kontribusi dan strategi pengembangan usaha menggunakan analisis SWOT. Alat analisis kelayakan usaha yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya dan pendapatan Hasil analisis kelayakan diperoleh nilai NPV pembenihan lele Rp. 193.091.118, NPV pembesaran lele Rp. 17.943.762, NPV pembenihan nila Rp. 60.162.636, NPV pembesaran nila Rp. 31.850.378, NPV pembenihan gurami Rp. 44.981.614, dan NPV pembesaran gurami Rp. 39.507.351. IRR pembenihan lele 66%, IRR Pembesaran lele 29%, IRR pembenihan nila 63%, IRR pembesaran nila 77%, IRR pembenihan gurami 35%, dan IRR pembesaran gurami 52%. Net B/C pembenihan lele 1,57, Net B/C pembesaran lele 1,08, Net B/C pembenihan nila 1,48, Net B/C pembesaran nila 1,65, Net B/C pembenihan gurami 1,09, dan Net B/C pembesaran gurami 1,3. Payback period berkisar kurang dari 3 tahun. Kontribusi usaha budidaya ikan terhadap pendapatan keluarga satu bulan sebesar 48,87% dan berada diatas UMK Kabupaten Sleman. Dengan demikian usaha budidaya ikan air tawar di Kabupaten Sleman layak untuk dijalankan karena menguntungkan dan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga. Strategi pengembangan usaha budidaya yang dapat diterapkan berdasarkan matriks SWOT dan hasil perhitungan kelayakan usaha adalah dengan melakukan inovasi, memanfaatkan kemudahan dalam menggunakan faktor produksi serta sarana dan prasarana penunjang usaha budidaya ikan air tawar dan meningkatkan peran pelaku usaha dan para stakholders melalui pengembangan teknologi dan informasi

The aims of this research are (1) to determine the feasibility, (2) to estimate the contributions of fisheries to the household income, and (3) to formulate business development strategies for seeding, and enlargement of the tilapia, catfish and carp comoditiesy in Sleman Regency. Purposive sampling was used to select the following study area District Ngemplak, Moyudan and Minggir. Data collection was performed proportionally by interviewing 15 farmers in hatchery operations and enlargement of catfish, tilapia and carp. The feasibility analysis tools used was the analysis of costs and revenues, financial analysis that includes the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Benefit Cost (Net B/C), Payback Period (PP), and Break Event Point (BEP). Descriptive analysis was used to calculate the contributions of fish cultivation to household income. The formulation of the strategy was carried out by SWOT matrix analysis. The feasibility analysis results are NPV hatchery of catfish Rp. 193.091.118, NPV enlargement of catfish Rp. 17.943.762, NPV hatchery of tilapia Rp. 60.162.636, NPV of enlargement of tilapia Rp. 31.850.378, NPV hatchery of carp Rp. 44.981.614, and NPV enlargement of carp Rp.39.507.351. IRR hatchery of catfish 66%, IRR enlargement of catfish 29%, IRR hatchery of tilapia 63%, IRR enlargement of tilapia 77%, IRR hatchery of carp 33%, and IRR enlargement of carp 52%. Net B/C hatchery of catfish 1,57, Net B/C enlargement of catfish 1,08, Net B/C hatchery of tilapia 1,48, Net B/C enlargement of tilapia 1,65, Net B/C hatchery of carp 1,09, and Net B/C enlargement of carp 1,03. The payback period below 3 years. Fish farming contributes to the monthly family income at 48,87% and is above the minimum regional wages in Sleman. Thus the cultivation of freshwater fish in Sleman is feasible because it is profitable and can increase the family income. Aquaculture business development strategies can be applied based on the SWOT matrix and the feasibility result that include innovation, taking advantage of the simplicity of production and infrastructure factors that support freshwater fish farming and increasing the role of entrepreneurs and the stakeholders through the development of technology and information.

Kata Kunci : Kelayakan Usaha, Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar, Pembenihan, Pembesaran, Lele, Nila, Gurami,Strategi Pengembangan, Kabupaten Sleman; Feasibility, Freshwater Fish Farming, Breeding, enlargement, catfish, tilapia, carp, Strategy Development, Sleman Regency;