PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMEN UNDEGRADED PROTEIN TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN REPRODUKSI SAPI PERAH

ROCHIJAN, Prof. Dr. Ir. Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto, DESS., DEA.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan dengan rumen undegraded protein tinggi terhadap produksi dan reproduksi sapi perah awal laktasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di UPTD BPBPTDK Dinas Pertanian Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta mulai bulan September 2013 sampai Agustus 2014. Dua belas ekor sapi perah PFH awal laktasi dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok sehingga tiap kelompok terdiri dari 6 ekor, yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Pakan yang diberikan adalah hijauan dan konsentrat dengan perbandingan 60 : 40 dalam bahan kering. Pemberian pakan dilakukan setelah ternak partus. Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan konsentrat dengan kandungan BK 88,24%, PK 18,55%, RUP 27,47%, dan TDN 56,94%, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan konsentrat dengan kandungan BK 89,06%, PK 18,83%, RUP 32,78%, dan TDN 58,91%. Air minum diberikan secara ad libitum. Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi pakan, produksi dan komposisi susu (kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar laktosa, kadar solid non fat dan kadar total solid), nilai milk urea nitrogen (MUN) dan blood urea nitrogen (BUN), perubahan bobot badan dan body condition score (BCS), respon gejala dan tingkah laku birahi, profil hormon progesteron, serta kinerja reproduksi (post partum mating (PPM), service per conception (S/C) dan days open (DO)). Data respon gejala dan tingkah laku birahi yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan data yang lainnya diantara kedua kelompok (kontrol dan perlakuan) dianalisis dengan Uji Independent Sampel T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi BK dan BO, konsumsi PK, konsumsi SK, konsumsi TDN, produksi susu, kadar dan produksi lemak, kadar dan produksi laktosa, kadar solid non fat, kadar total solid, perubahan bobot badan dan BCS, profil hormon progesteron, PPM, S/C dan DO antara kelompok kontrol dengan perlakuan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Kadar dan produksi protein susu, nilai rata-rata MUN dan BUN menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pemberian pakan dengan rumen undegraded protein tinggi diantara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Nilai rata-rata masing-masing kelompok adalah kadar protein susu 2,57 ± 0,15 vs. 3,02 ± 0,12%; produksi protein susu 0,12 ± 0,02 vs. 0,16 ± 0,04 kg/ekor/hari; MUN 15,55 ± 2,59 vs. 19,94 ± 2,69 mg/dL dan BUN 15,58 ± 1,99 vs. 18,09 ± 1,50 mg/dL. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan rumen undegraded protein tinggi pada sapi perah awal laktasi tidak meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan nutrien, produksi susu dan kinerja reproduksi. Akan tetapi mampu meningkatkan kadar dan produksi protein susu, kadar milk urea nitrogen (MUN) dan blood urea nitrogen (BUN), respon gejala dan tingkah laku birahi normal, serta dapat meminimalkan mobilisasi energi pada tubuhnya. Kata kunci: Rumen undegraded protein, Produksi dan komposisi susu, Urea nitrogen, Reproduksi, Sapi perah awal laktasi

This study was conducted to determine the effect of supplementation high rumen undegraded protein on production and reproduction performance of early lactation dairy cows. This research was located in UPTD BPBPTDK Department of Agriculture Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta form September 2013 until August 2014. Twelve early lactation Friesian Holstein Crossbred (PFH) cows were divided into two groups. Six animals were used as a control group and another group as treatment objects. The feed is forages and concentrates with a ratio of 60 : 40 in dry matter. The cow feeds after parturition. The control group getting concentrate containing dry matter (DM) 88.24%, crude protein (CP) 18.55%, rumen undegraded protein (RUP) 27.47%, and total digestible nutrien (TDN) 56.94%, while the treatment group getting concentrate containing dry matter (DM) 89.06%, crude protein (CP) 18.83%, rumen undegraded protein (RUP) 32.78%, and total digestible nutrien (TDN) 58.91%. Water was given by ad libitum. The variable measured were feed intake, milk production and composition (fat, protein, lactose, solid non fat and total solid content), milk urea nitrogen (MUN) dan blood urea nitrogen (BUN) value, changes in body weight and body condition score (BCS), response estrous indication and behavior, concentration of profile progesteron hormones, and reproduction performance (post partum mating (PPM), service per conception (S/C) and days open (DO)). The data response estrous indication and behavior obtained were analyzed descriptively and the rest data were tested using T-test analysis. Results showed that dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) consumption, crude protein (CP) consumption, crude fiber (CF) consumption, total digestible nutrien (TDN) consumption, milk production, milk fat content and production, milk lactose content and production, SNF content, TS content, changes in body weight and body condition score (BCS), concentration of profile progesteron hormones, PPM, S/C and DO between control and treatment group were not significant. Milk protein content and production, average MUN and BUN value on supplementation high rumen undegraded protein between control and treatment group were significant (P<0.05). The average value of each group is milk protein content 2.57 ± 0.15 vs. 2.80 ± 0.15%; milk protein production 0.12 ± 0.02 vs. 0.16 ± 0.04 kg/head/day; MUN 15.55 ± 2.59 vs. 19.94 ± 2.69 mg/dL and BUN 15.58 ± 1.99 vs. 18.09 ± 1.50 mg/dL. The conclusion is supplementation high rumen undegraded protein on production and reproduction performance of early lactation dairy cows decrease nutrient consumption efficiency, milk production and reproduction performance. However this could increase milk protein content and production, milk urea nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen content, normal response estrous indication and behavior, and can minimize mobilization of body energy storage. Keywords: Rumen undegraded protein, Milk production and compotition, Urea nitrogen, Reproduction, Dairy early lactation

Kata Kunci : Rumen undegraded protein, Produksi dan komposisi susu, Urea nitrogen, Reproduksi, Sapi perah awal laktasi; Rumen undegraded protein, Milk production and compotition, Urea nitrogen, Reproduction, Dairy early lactation