Efek Campuran Ekstrak Terstandar Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia [Hemsley] A. Gray) dan Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) Terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Makrofag Peritoneum Mencit

FARADINA RAIYA ANIZA, Dr.dr.Mahardika A.W., DTM&H, M.Kes; Prof. Dr. Mae Sri Hartati W., M.Si., Apt.

2014 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang: Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray) mengandung tagitinin, selain berpotensi anti-inflamasi sedang dengan mekanisme menstimulasi proliferasi limfosit dan aktivasi makrofag serta sekresi mediator inflamasinya, juga memiliki sitotoksisitas tinggi. Rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) mengandung curcumin yang merupakan agen anti-inflamasi yang baik dengan sitotoksisitas minimal. Campuran kedua esktrak terstandard diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efek imunostimulan, terutama aktivitas fagositosis oleh makrofag. Tujuan: Untuk memahami efek campuran ekstrak terstandard T. diversifolia dan C. domestica terhadap aktivitas fagositosis makrofag peritoneum mencit. Metode: 5 kelompok mencit galur swiss sehat dengan jenis kelamin jantan usia 6 � 8 minggu distimulasi dengan campuran ekstrak T. diversifolia dan C. domestica peroral dengan dosis berbeda (0mg/kgBB, 6,25 mg.kgBB, 12,5 mg/kgBB,25 mg.kgBB dan 50 mg/kgBB) selama 14 hari. Isolasi makrofag peritoneum mencit dilakukan pada hari ke 0,2, dan 4 pasca stimulasi. Makrofag yang terisolasi diberi lateks, kemudian dipulas dengan Giemsa. Makrofag yang aktif memakan lateks dan jumlah lateks termakan dihitung dari 300 sel dengan mikroskop perbesaran 400x. Rerata Lateks dihitung dan dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil: Peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag yang signifikan didapat pada beberapa dosis pada tiap hari isolasi, dengan peningkatan tertinggi pada dosis 50 mg/kgBB (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: pencampuran ekstrak terstandar T. diversifolia dan C. domestica dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag peritoneum mencit terutama pada dosis 50 mg/kgBB.

Backgound: Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray traditionally used as herbal medicine showed moderate anti-inflammatory effects by stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage by activation of phagocytic activity and secretion of anti-inflammatory mediators mainly due to its tagitinin compound but also has major cytotoxicity. Curcuma domestica widely used as spice and herbal medicine contained curcumin which has well anti-inflammatory effect and minimal cytotoxicity. Mixture of their standardized extract was expected to increase their immunostimulatory effect, especially in phagocytotic activity of macrophage. Objectives: The objective of this study is to understand the effect of intermix between standardized extracts of T. diversifolia and C. domestica in stimulation of phagocytotic activity of mice�s peritoneal macrophage Method: Five groups of male healthy Swiss mice aged 6-8 weeks were administered by mixtures of T. diversifolia and C. domestica�s standardized extracts in different dosage (0 mg/kgBW, 6.25 mg/kgBW, 12.5 mg/kgBW, 25 mg/kgBW, and 50 mg/kgBW) for 14 days. Peritoneal macrophages were isolated on day 0, 2, and 4 after stimulation. Latexes were added to the isolates and the cells were stained by Giemsa. Active macrophage and amount of eaten latex were counted up from total 300 cells and analyzed using ANOVA. Result: Significant increase in phagocytic activity of macrophages obtained at some doses on each day of isolation, with the highest increase in the dose of 50 mg/kgBW (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In vivo stimulation of the standardized extract mixture of T. diversifolia and C. domestica increase phagocytotic activity of mice�s peritoneal macrophages, especially in dosage 50 mg/kgBW.

Kata Kunci : Tithonia diversifolia, Curcuma domestica, makrofag, fagosit, fagositosis