PENGARUH TINGKAT MIOPIA TERHADAP PROGRESIVITAS GLAUKOMA TEKANAN NORMAL

IVA RINI ARYANI, Prof. Dr. Suhardjo, SU, Sp.M (K)

2015 | Tesis | S2 KEDOKTERAN KLINIK/MS-PPDS

Tujuan: Untuk menentukan besarnya faktor risiko tingkat miopia terhadap progresivitas glaukoma tekanan normal. Metoda: Rancang penelitian ini menggunakan metode case control study. Subyek penelitian merupakan penderita glaukoma tekanan normal progresif sebagai kelompok kasus dan penderita glaukoma tekanan normal nonprogresif sebagai kelompok kontrol masing-masing 50 orang dengan rentang usia 18-40 tahun. Pada kedua kelompok dilakukan pemeriksaan status oftalmologis, koreksi status refraksi, pengukuran tekanan intraokular, rasio C/D, ketebalan kornea sentral dan rerata ketebalan lapisan serabut saraf retina.Besarnya faktor risiko dianalisis dengan menghitung odds ratio (OR). Hasil: Miopia dengan cut off point SE ≥ -3D memiliki risiko 3,.22 (CI 95% 1,25 - 8,30) kali menjadi glaukoma tekanan normal progresif dan miopia dengan cut off point SE ≥ -6D memiliki risiko 8,43 (CI 95% 1,79 - 19,70) kali menjadi glaukoma tekanan normal progresif. Hasil stratifikasi memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat miopia dengan cut off point SE ≥ -6D memiliki risiko 4,90 (CI 95% 1,37 to 24,09) kali menjadi glaukoma tekanan normal progresif dibandingkan emetropia. Analisis multivariat didapatkan bahwa tingkat miopia dengan cut off point SE ≥ -6D secara statistik bermakna (p=0,010) merupakan faktor risiko terhadap progresivitas glaukoma tekanan normal dengan OR 7,110 (CI 95% 3,334 – 24,697).

Objective: To determine the influence of myopia degree as a risk factor on the progression of normal tension glaucoma. Methods: This was a case control study. The subjects of this study was patients with progressive normal tension glaucoma as a case group and the non-progressive normal tension glaucoma patients as a control group consist of 50 people with the age range were 18-40 years old. Ophthalmological examination was performed in both groups, include correction of refractive error, intraocular pressure measurement, C/D ratio measurement, central corneal thickness and the average the retinal nerve fiber layer. The risk factors were analyzed by determines the odds ratio (OR). Results: Compared to control group (non progressive NTG) myopia with the cut off point SE ≥ -3D had 3.22 (CI 95% 1.25 - 8.30) times as a risk of progressive normal tension glaucoma and myopia with cut off point SE ≥ -6D had 8.43 (CI 95% 1.79 - 19.70) times risk of progressive normal tension glaucoma. Stratification shows that myopia degree with cut off point SE ≥ -6D had 4.90 (CI 95% 1.37 to 24.09) times the risk of progressive normal tension glaucoma compared to emetropia. Multivariate analysis found that myopia degree with cut off point SE ≥ -6D was statistically significant (p = 0.010) as a risk factor on the progression of normal tension glaucoma with OR 7.110 (CI 95% 3.334 to 24.697).

Kata Kunci : glaukoma tekanan normal-miopia-faktor risiko-progresivitas