RESPON PERKERASAN AKIBAT OVERLOADING PADA PENURUNAN KINERJA DAN KERUSAKAN JALAN (STUDI KASUS RUAS JALAN NASIONAL PANTURA)

NUR INDAH INDRIANI, Dr. Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M. Sc

2014 | Tesis | S2 Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Pantura sebagai jalur tumpuan pergerakan arus barang dan jasa skala Nasional diharapkan mampu meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan mobilitas wilayah dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Karena itu semakin tingginya mobilitas barang dan jasa, maka beban jalan pun kian berat dan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas jalan Pantura. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara kajian terhadap data hasil identifikasi kerusakan jalan, LHR dan WIM Survey untuk menentukan pengurangan umur rencana akibat overloading. Selanjutnya meneliti respon perkerasan akibat pengaruh overloading pada penurunan kinerja dan kerusakan jalan dengan metode mekanistik empiris dengan program KENLAYER. Juga dilakukan analisis sensitivitas pengaruh perubahan tebal aspal, modulus elastisitas dan kondisi subgrade terhadap respon perkerasan akibat beban kendaraan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa overloading menyebabkan kerusakan dini, karena tegangan yang dihasilkan lebih besar dari beban standard dan membuat berkurangnya pengulangan beban yang diijinkan kriteria fatigue cracking (Nf) dan rutting (Nd). Ruas jalan Pejagan-Losari umur layanan berkurang 6 tahun. Ruas jalan Pekalongan-Pemalang, berkurang 5 tahun. Kendaraanoverloadsumbu tunggal(S1RG) menghasilkan tegangan lebih besar dari beban standard (8,16 Ton). S1RG overload, tegangan 1,016 x 10-5 kPa, lebih besar dari S1RG standard, tegangan 0,696 x 10-5 kPa, sedangkan S2RG overload tegangan 0,472 x 10-5 kPa lebih kecil karena beban per rodanya lebih kecil. S1RG overload, Nf 1,88 x 107 lebih kecil dibandingkan S1RG standard 6,66 x 107. Hasil analisis sensitivitas, menunjukkan bahwa meningkatkan ketebalan HMA dan daya dukung perkerasan mampu mereduksi regangan, berarti mengurangi kerusakan jalan sehingga mencapai umur rencananya, dengan catatan bahwa beban yang bekerja di perkerasan adalah beban sesuai yang diijinkan. Tegangan minimal 0,205 x 10-5 terjadi pada tebal HMA 25 cm, dibandingkan tebal HMA 11,93 cm, 0,696 x 10-5 kPa. Beban standard, CBR base 50% tegangan 0,697 x 10-5 kPa, CBR base 80%, 0,695 x 10-5 kPa. Tegangan 0,685 x 10-5 kPalebih kecil jika perkerasan dibangun dengan CBR subgrade mencapai 6%, jika kurang 6% tegangan 0,703 x 10-5 kPa.

Pantura as a main way of moving things and services in national scale are hoped to be able in increasing accessibility and mobility for supporting economy growth and people welfare. Because of higher things and service mobility, so the road load will be heavier and have effect in decreasing of road quality in Pantura. This research was done by analyzing toward the identification result of road pavement distress, LHR and WIM survey to decide design life time decrease due to overloading. And then, observe the hard respond pavement due to overloading influence in decreasing road performance by mechanistic empirical method by KENLAYER program. And also it was done by analysis sensitivity of change asphalt layer influence, elasticity modulus and subgrade condition toward pavement response forload heavy vehicle. The result of the research proved that overloading causes early damage because the tight which was got is bigger than standard load and made the less of allowable load repetitionscriteria fatigue cracking (Nf) and criteria rutting (Nd). The road section of Pejagan Losari, the service lifetime was less than 6 years. The road section of Pekalongan-Pemalang was less than 5 years. The overload vehicle of single axlecauses stress was bigger than stress on standard load (8,16 ton). S1RG overload, stress 1,016 x 10-5 kPa, was bigger than standard S1RG, stress of 0,696 x 10-5 kPa, while S2RG overload stress of 0,472 x 10-5 kPa was smaller because the load of per duals was smaller. S1RG overload, Nf 1,88 x 107 was smaller than standard S2RG 6,66 x 107. The result of sensitivity analysis showed that the HMA tight increase and the hard support was be able to reduce the strain, so it decreased the road pavement distress in order to reach design life time, with the note that the load which took in the road pavement was the load which was suitable permission. The minimal stress of 0,205 x 10-5 happened on stress of HMA 25 cm, compared the stress of HMA 11,93 cm, 0,696 x 10-5 kPa. Standard load, CBR base 50% stress 0,697 x 10-5 kPa, CBR base 80%, 0,695 x10-5 kPa. The stress of 0,685 x 10-5 kPa was smaller if the hard was built by CBR subgrade reached 6% if less 6% stress 0,703 x 10-5 kPa.

Kata Kunci : Overloading, penurunan umur layan, metode mekanistik empiris, KENLAYER, pengulangan beban yang diijinkan criteria fatigue cracking (Nf) ,kriteria rutting (Nd).