FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT DI INDONESIA, 2008-2013

NEINI UTAMI, Prof. Lincolin Arsyad, Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi FDI di 33 Provinsi di Indonesia, 2008-2013. Variabel bebas yang diduga memiliki pengaruh terhadap FDI adalah PDRB per kapita, infrastruktur jalan, opini BPK, upah minimum provinsi, kredit (investasi, modal kerja, dan konsumsi), tabungan, anggaran belanja modal, ekspor, tingkat inflasi, serta investasi swasta domestik. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dengan metode fixed effect model. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel 33 Provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2008-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam variabel yang terbukti secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap FDI, yaitu simpanan masyarakat, upah minimum provinsi, investasi domestik/PMDN, PDRB per kapita, ekspor dan pinjaman masyarakat. Simpanan masyarakat, upah minimum provinsi, dan investasi domestik terbukti berpengaruh secara negatif. Kenaikan ketiga variabel tersebut memiliki arah yang berlawanan dengan FDI. Jadi, ketika simpanan masyarakat, UMP dan investasi domestik naik, maka FDI justru cenderung turun. Di lain pihak, PDRB per kapita, ekspor dan pinjaman masyarakat memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap FDI, sehingga kenaikan ketiga variabel ini akan menyebabkan FDI naik. Kata Kunci: FDI, pendapatan per kapita, infrastruktur jalan, opini BPK, UMP, kredit, tabungan, anggaran belanja modal, ekspor, tingkat inflasi, investasi swasta domestik, data panel, fixed effect model

This study aims to analyze determinants of FDI in 33 provinces in Indonesia, 2008-2013. The independent variables which thought to have an influence on FDI is regional GDP per capita, road infrastructure, BPK opinion, the provincial minimum wage, public credit (investment, working capital, and consumption), public savings, capital expenditures budgeting, exports, inflation, and domestic private investment. The analytical tool used is multiple regression models with fixed effect method. The data is data panel of 33 Provinces in Indonesia in 2008-2013. The results showed that there are six variables were found to significantly affect the FDI, the public savings, the provincial minimum wage, domestic private investment, regional GDP per capita, exports and public credit Public savings, the provincial minimum wage, and domestic private investment proved to be negatively affected. The increase in these three variables has opposite direction with FDI. So, when the public savings, UMP and domestic investment rises, then FDI tend to go down. On the other hand, regional GDP per capita, exports and public credit has a positive influence on FDI, so those three variables’ increases will cause FDI rise up. Keywords: FDI, income per capita, road infrastructure, BPK opinion, UMP, credit, savings, capital expenditures, GDP, exports, inflation rates, domestic private investment, panel data, fixed effect models

Kata Kunci : FDI, pendapatan per kapita, infrastruktur jalan, opini BPK, UMP, kredit, tabungan, anggaran belanja modal, ekspor, tingkat inflasi, investasi swasta domestik, data panel, fixed effect model; FDI, income per capita, road infrastructure, BPK opinion, UMP, c