KORELASI KADAR KOLESTEROL DENGAN NILAI AMBANG DENGAR DI LINGKUNGAN BISING MESIN PADA PEKERJA PABRIK KONVEKSI

SILVANUS HERNALDO, DR. dr. Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto, Sp.THT-KL(K), M.Kes.

2015 | Tesis | SP ILMU PENYAKIT THT

Gangguan pendengaran akibat kerja belum mendapat perhatian penuh, padahal gangguan ini menempati urutan pertama dalam daftar penyakit akibat kerja di Amerika dan Eropa dengan proporsi 35%. Di berbagai industri di Indonesia, angka ini berkisar antara 30-50%. Bising dalam kurun waktu lama dan kontinyu merupakan salah satu sebab yang mengakibatkan penurunan pendengaran. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya trauma bising meliputi faktor eksternal dan internal, antara lain kadar kolesterol darah. Struktur telinga dalam seperti sel rambut dan sel penyokong merupakan jaringan yang memerlukan metabolisme tinggi dan sangat sensitif terhadap hipoksia. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan cross sectional untuk menentukan korelasi antara kadar kolesterol dengan nilai ambang pendengaran pada pekerja pabrik konveksi. Lokasi penelitian di PT MTG Yogyakarta dengan jumlah subyek sebanyak 63 orang yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subyek penelitian dilakukan tes audiometri dan pengukuran kadar kolesterol. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman’s, kemudian digambarkan dalam grafik scatter plot (diagram pencar). Hasil: uji korelasi antara kolesterol dengan nilai ambang pendengaran frekuensi 125-8000 Hz baik telinga kanan dan telinga kiri berdasarkan perhitungan hantaran udara ditemukan tidak ada korelasi bermakna (p > 0,05), kekuatan korelasi lemah (telinga kanan rxy = 0,035 – 0,236, telinga kiri rxy = 0,015 – 0,167), sedangkan berdasarkan perhitungan hantaran tulang frekuensi 250-4000 Hz ditemukan tidak ada korelasi bermakna (p > 0,05), kekuatan korelasi rendah (telinga kanan rxy = 0,007 – 0,191, telinga kiri rxy = 0,004 – 0,106). Kesimpulan: terdapat korelasi lemah antara kolesterol dengan nilai ambang pendengaran pada frekuensi 125-8000 Hz baik telinga kanan maupun kiri berdasarkan pengukuran hantaran udara maupun hantaran tulang pada pekerja pabrik konveksi. Kata kunci: kolesterol, nilai ambang pendengaran

Occupational hearing loss has not received full attention, whereas this disorder ranks first in the list of occupational diseases in the United States and Europe with a proportion of 35%. In various industries in Indonesia, this figure ranged between 30-50%. Noise in a long and continuous period of time is one of the causes which lead to hearing loss. Factors that influence the occurrence of noise trauma include external and internal factors, including blood cholesterol levels. The structure of the inner ear such as hair cells and supporting cells is a tissue that requires a high metabolism and are very sensitive to hypoxia. Using a cross-sectional study design to determine the correlation between cholesterol levels with a hearing threshold value on convection factory workers. Study location at PT MTG Yogyakarta with subjects number were 63 people who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. On the research subjects and the hearing threshold values and cholesterol level were measured. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test, then later described in a scatter plot graph (scatter diagram). Results: The correlation test between cholesterol with a hearing threshold value at 125-8000 Hz frequency both on the right and the left ear by air conduction calculations found no significant correlation (p> 0.05), the strength of the correlation is weak (right ear rxy = 0,035 – 0,236, left ear rxy = 0,015 – 0,167), while the calculation based on the bone conduction at 250-4000 Hz frequency found no significant correlation (p> 0.05), low correlation strength (right ear rxy = 0,007 – 0,191, the left ear rxy = 0,004 – 0,106). Conclusion: there is a weak correlation between cholesterol with a hearing threshold value at 125-8000 Hz frequency either on the right or left ear, based on measurements of air conduction and bone conduction on convection factory workers Key words: cholesterol, hearing threshold value

Kata Kunci : kolesterol, nilai ambang pendengaran; cholesterol, hearing threshold value