ENKAPSULASI DAN STUDI PELEPASAN KURKUMIN DALAM MATRIKS BEADS KITOSAN-KARAGINAN TERTAUT SILANG GLUTARALDEHIDA MENGGUNAKAN ASAM LAURAT SEBAGAI PENGEMULSI

ZHILAL SHADIQ, Prof. Drs. Mudasir, M.Eng. Ph.D; Dr. Dwi Siswanta M.Si

2014 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai enkapsulasi dan studi pelepasan kurkumin dalam matriks beads kitosan-karaginan tertaut silang glutaraldehida menggunakan asam laurat sebagai pengemulsi untuk menentukan efektivitas beads dalam memuat dan melepaskan kurkumin dalam pelarut buffer:etanol. Dalam penelitian ini telah dipelajari pengaruh konsentrasi kitosan, konsentrasi asam laurat, komposisi etanol dalam media pelepasan, dan kondisi pH media pelepasan terhadap pemuatan dan pelepasan kurkumin. Beads dibuat dengan cara memadukan larutan kitosan dalam 1% asetat dengan asam laurat dalam etanol, dan larutan karaginan dalam akuades, kemudian diteteskan ke dalam larutan natrium hidroksida yang berperan sebagai koagulan dalam pembentukan beads. Matriks beads yang terbentuk direndam dalam larutan kurkumin, dan larutan glutaraldehida untuk membentuk reaksi taut silang dengan kitosan. Beads yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi dengan FT-IR. Studi pelepasan kurkumin dari beads dilakukan dengan cara merendam beads di dalam larutan buffer yang mengandung etanol selama 6 jam. Konsentrasi kurkumin yang terlepas ditentukan secara spektrofotometri. Kinetika pelepasan kurkumin dievaluasi dengan menggunakan model kinetika orde nol, orde satu, Higuchi, dan Korsmeyer-Peppas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enkapsulasi dan pelepasan kurkumin dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi kitosan, dan asam laurat yang digunakan dalam formulasi beads, serta komposisi etanol dan kondisi pH media pelepasan. Nilai enkapsulasi kurkumin semakin meningkat, dan laju pelepasan kurkumin selama 6 jam semakin lambat dengan penambahan asam laurat. Beads dengan asam laurat 0,25% mengenkapsulasi kurkumin hingga 30,22 ppm, dan melepaskanya21,19 ppm, sedangkan beads dengan asam laurat 0,75% mampu mengenkapsulasi kurkumin hingga 44,70 ppm, dan melepaskannya 5,55 ppm dalam 6 jam. Data kinetika menunjukkan bahwa pelepasasan kurkumin dari beads mengikuti model Korsmeyer-Peppas dengan mekanisme mengikuti difusi Fick.

A study on encapsulation and release of curcumin in matrix beads chitosan-carrageenan crosslinked glutaraldehyde using lauric acid as emulsifier to determine the effectiveness of beads in loading and releasing curcumin in buffer:ethanol solution has been done. In this research, effect of chitosan and lauric acid concentration, ethanol composition and pH of release solution on the effectiveness of curcumin loading and releasing has sistematically been studied. Beads was prepared by combining chitosan solution in 1% acetic acid with lauric acid solution in ethanol, and carrageenan solution in aquades was then dripped into sodium hidroxyde solution as coagulant in the formation of beads. The mixture was soaked in curcumin solution, and glutaraldehyde solution to form crosslinking with chitosan. The beads obtained were characterized by FT-IR. Release study of curcumin from beads is done by soaking beads in buffer solution containing ethanol for 6 hour. The concentration of curcumin was determined spectrophotometrically. The kinetics of curcumin release was evaluated by 0th order, 1st order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. The result showed that encapsulation and release curcumin were influenced by concentration of chitosan and lauric acid that used in beads formulation, composition of ethanol and pH release solution. Encapsulation value of curcumin increases, while the release rate of curcumin decreases for 6 hour with addition of lauric acid. Beads with 0.25% lauric acid was able to encapsulate curcumin up to 30.22 ppm, and release 21.19 ppm of it, while beads with 0.75% lauric acid can encapsulate curcumin up to 44.70 ppm, and release 5.55 ppm of it for 6 hour. The data showed that the kinetics of curcumin release from beads follows Korsmeyer-Peppas model equation with Fick diffusion mechanism. Key words: beads, chitosan, carrageenan, lauric acid, glutaraldehyde, curcumin, encapsulation, release

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: beads, kitosan, karaginan, asam laurat, glutaraldehida, kurkumin enkapsulasi, pelepasan