Perbedaan Sperma Ayam Leher Gundul (Legund) dan Ayam Berbulu Normal serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Daya Tetas dan Fertilitas Telur

DHAYU DWI PURNAMASARI, Prof. Dr. Ir. Jafendi Hasoloan Purba Sidadolog; Dr. Ir. Sigit Bintara, M.Si

2014 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik sperma ayam Legund dan ayam berbulu Normal serta pengaruhnya terhadap daya tetas dan fertilitas telur. Ayam jantan yang digunakan 3 ekor ayam Legund dan 3 ekor ayam berbulu Normal. Ayam betina yang digunakan 12 ekor ayam Legund dan 12 ekor ayam berbulu Normal. Ayam jantan dikawinkan secara alami dengan ayam betina dengan model perkawinan Legund x Legund (L jantan x L betina ), Legund x Normal (L jantan x N betina), Normal x Legund (N jantan x L betina), dan Normal x Normal (N jantan x N betina), dengan rasio perkawinan 1 : 4. Penampungan sperma dilakukan pada setiap individu ayam jantan, kemudian di evaluasi secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Produksi telur dari masing-masing betina dikumpulkan selama satu minggu, kemudian ditetaskan menggunakan mesin tetas. Data sperma di analisis variansi dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Pola Tersarang, sementara data fertilitas dan daya tetas telur di analisis variansi dengan Rancangan Blok Lengkap Acak. Hasil evaluasi sperma menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antara ayam Legund dan ayam berbulu Normal pada volume (P<0,05), abnormalitas spermatozoa (P<0,05) dan motilitas individu (P<0,05). Produksi telur (P>0,05), berat telur (P>0,05), fertilitas (P>0,05) dan daya tetas telur (P>0,05) menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata antara ayam Legund dan ayam berbulu Normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi bulu ayam Legund mempengaruhi kualitas sperma, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi telur, berat telur, fertilitas dan daya tetas telur.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Naked Neck and Normal Feather Fowl on semen quality, egg fertility and hatchability. Three males Naked Neck fowl, three males Normal Feather fowl, twelve females Naked Neck and twelve female Normal Feather were taken as the object of this research. They were placed on 6 litter houses and divided into 4 groups of mating, which consisted of Legund x Legund (L male x L female), Legund x Normal (L male x N female), Normal x Legund (N male x L female), and Normal x Normal (N male x N female) and the ratio of mating was 1:4. Semen was collected from each male, then measured by macroscopic and microscopic examination. Eggs were collected in a week, then incubated using automatic hatchery machine. Semen characteristics were statistically analyzed in CRD Nested Design of variance analysis. Meanwhile, the egg fertility and hatchability were statistically analyzed in Randomized Complete Block Design of variance analysis. This study found a significant differences between Naked Neck and Normal Feather Fowl on semen volume (P<0,05), abnormal sperm (P<0,05) and individual motility (P<0,05), but there were no significant differences on egg production (P>0,05), egg weight (P>0,05), egg fertility (P>0,05) and hatchability (P>0,05). According to this study, it can be concluded that feather condition of Naked Neck fowl are influences semen quality, but not in egg production, egg weight, egg fertility and hatchability.

Kata Kunci : Kondisi bulu, Legund, Berbulu Normal, Sperma, Fertilitas, Daya tetas