Strategi Coping pada Perawat yang Mengalami Burnout

SARAH KARTIKA PRATIWI, Subandi, M.A., Ph.D

2014 | Skripsi | PSIKOLOGI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pola strategi coping pada empat, perawat pasien inap bangsal reguler di RS X Solo, yang mengalami burnout. Permilihan keempat subjek yaitu purposive-sampling pada 169 perawat menggunakan skala burnout Juwarni (2001). Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif naratif komparatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara semi-terstruktur pada keempat subjek selama beberapa kali. Data sekunder didapatkan dari penilaian masing-masing Kepala Ruang terhadap masing-masing subjek. Analisis dilakukan melalui proses koding, kategorisasi, hingga penemuan tema utama yang dipandu oleh transactional model of stress and coping (Lazarus&Folkman, 1984) hingga ditemukan karakteristik pekerjaan, pola pengalaman burnout, dan coping yang dilakukan. Ditemukan primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, reappraisal, dan tema pendamping coping; kurangnya dukungan sosial. Pola strategi coping pada keempat subjek yaitu (1) subjek cenderung menilai situasi kerja sebagai situasi yang mengakibatkan stress, (2) subjek tidak yakin dengan kemampuan diri dalam menangani masalah, (3) reappraisal subjek cenderung defensif, dan (4) subjek kurang mampu mengakses dukungan sosial yang dimiliki. Kata Kunci : appraisal, burnout, coping, kualitatif-naratif

This study aimed to describe coping strategy in four burnout nurses which are working in general ward Solo Hospital. Four subjects were being selected 169 nurses. Burnout experiences were being checked using Juwarni (2010) Burnout Scale. Research method used comparative-narrative qualitative. Semi-structured interview was used to collect data. Secondary-data sources were the Head Nurses of subjects.. Analysis was conducted using narrative perspective. Data was coded, categorized, and then, abstracted until themes were found. Transactional model of coping and stress (Lazarus&Folkman, 1984) as a lead of abstraction. Main themes are primary-appraisal, secondary-appraisal, and reappraisal. Job characteristics, dynamics of burnout experience, and coping strategies were found. For coping strategies, lack of social support was also being found as a side theme. Research found four characteristics of coping stretegies, which are (1) subjects tend to evaluate work situation as stressful, (2) subjects have lack of self-esteem, rather unbelief which they have ability and resource to cope to specifically stressful situations, (3) subjects tend to do defensive reappraisal which does not help them much to cope, (4) subjects also unable to access their social support to seek help from others.

Kata Kunci : appraisal, burnout, coping, narrative-qualitative