PERBEDAAN EKSPRESI P53 ANTARA STADIUM KLINIS III DAN IV PENDERITA KARSINOMA NASOFARINGS

Hesty Setiyarini, Dr. dr. Bambang Hariwiyanto, Sp.THT-KL(K).

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Penyakit THT

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi KNF di Indonesia sebanyak 4,7 per 100.000 penduduk setiap tahun. Salah satu faktor penyebab karsinoma nasofarings adalah terjadinya inaktivasi dari gen suppressor p53 yang dapat disebabkan mutasi p53, sehingga menghilangkan fungsi p53 wild suppressor yang kemudian berlanjut pada proses keganasan pada nasofarings. Protein p53 berfungsi untuk mengontrol regulasi siklus sel dan apoptosis. Inaktivasi gen ini menyebabkan gangguan apoptosis dan meningkatkan proliferasi sel. Perubahan ekspresi p53 ditemukan pada KNF. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perbedaan ekspresi protein P53 antara stadium klinis III dan IV pada penderita karsinoma nasofarings. Metode: Rancang penelitian adalah potong lintang. Data yang diambil sebanyak 30 sampel penderita KNF dari rekam medis, kemudian blok parafin penderita yang telah tersedia di Bagian Patologi Anatomi RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimiawi (IHK) menggunakan antibodi monoklonal p53 (Clone DO-7) untuk melihat ekspresi P53. Perbedaan ekspresi p53 di analisis dengan stadium klinis III dan IV. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Independent sample t-test. Hasil: Didapatkan sampel penelitian stadium III sebanyak 12 sampel (40%), stadium IV 18 sampel (60%). Ekspresi p53 ditemukan pada 30 sampel (100%), dengan hasil penelitian ada perbedaan ekspresi p53 dengan stadium klinis III dan IV pada karsinoma nasofarings, menunjukkan tidak bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,232). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik ekspresi p53 antara stadium klinis III dan IV pada penderita karsinoma nasofarings. Kata Kunci : KNF, karsinoma nasofarings, ekspresi P53, imunohistokimiawi, stadium klinis III dan IV

Background: The prevalence of NPC in Indonesia is 4.7 per 100,000 population each year. One of the factors as the cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the inactivation of the p53 suppressor gene that can cause by p53 mutations, thus eliminate the function of p53 wild-suppressor which then continues to malignancy process in nasopharynnx. P53 protein is functioned to control cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Inactivation of these genes cause apoptosis disturbance and increases cell proliferation. Alteration of p53 expression have been found in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Aims: This study was aimed to assess the P53 protein expression difference between III and IV clinical stage in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional. Data that was taken as many as 30 samples of nasopharygeal carcinoma patients from medical records, and patient paraffin blocks that has been available in The Department of Pathology Anatomy Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta were done an immunohistochemical examination (IHC) using concentrated Monoclonal Antibody p53 (Clone DO -7) to see the expression of P53. P53 expression differences then were examined the differences between III and IV clinical stage. Statistical analysis used independent sample t-test. Result: From this study have been found samples in stage III as many as 12 samples patients (40%), stage IV 18 samples patients (60%). P53 esxpression has been found in 30 samples (100%), There were differences of p53 expression between III and IV clinical stage in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, showed no statistically significant (p = 0.232). Conclusion: There are no statistically significant differences in p53 expression betweenclinical stage III and IV in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Keywords : Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, NPC, p53 expression, immunohistochemical, clinical stage III and IV

Kata Kunci : KNF, karsinoma nasofarings, ekspresi P53, imunohistokimiawi, stadium klinis III dan IV; Background: The prevalence of NPC in Indonesia is 4.7 per 100,000 population each year. One of the factors as the cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the inactivation