PENURUNAN KANDUNGAN HIDROKARBON PADA TANAH TERCEMAR OLI YANG DIINOKULASI BIOFILM BAKTERI-JAMUR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN NITROGEN DAN PHOSPOR

MUH ABDUL AZIZ A., Ir. Rosich Attaqy, M.Sc.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU TANAH

Industri pertambangan tidak lepas dari pencemaran limbah oli di bengkel alat berat yang mencemari lingkungan sekitar. Bioremediasi menggunakan biofilm bakteri jamur dengan penambahan nutrisi diharapkan menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi pencemaran. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2012 hingga Februari 2014 di laboratorium Jurusan Mikrobiologi dan laboratorium Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada. Sampel tanah tercemar limbah oli diambil dari PT ANTAM UPBE Pongkor, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian terhadap kemampuan kombinasi 2 jenis biofilm dan 3 rasio C:N:P dengan rancangan acak lengkap menggunakan 3 ulangan. Biofilm pertama dari bakteri R5 dan jamur JR, yang kedua biofilm dari bakteri VK2 dan jamur JR. Kedua biofilm R5+JR dan VK2+JR dibandingkan dengan control tanpa penambahan biofilm. Rasio C:N:P yaitu 100:3:1, 100:5:1 dan 100:10:1 dan dibandingkan dengan control tanpa penambahan nutrisi. Tanah perlakuan diinkubasi selama 30 hari diamati Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) dan Evolusi CO2. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan, diketahui penambahan Biofilm akan mempercepat proses degradasi Hidrokarbon dan meningkatkan Evolusi CO2. Penambahan Phospor dan Nitrogen dapat mempercepat proses degradasi Hidrokarbon dan menurunkan Evolusi CO2. Aktifitas degradasi aktif terjadi pada minggu pertama, tetapi pada minggu berikutnya aktifitas degradasi tidak terlihat signifikan.

The mining industry is not free from oil waste pollution in heavy equipment repair shop that pollute the surrounding environment . Bioremediation using fungal- bacterial biofilm with nutrient addition is expected to be the solution to overcome the pollution. The reserch was started in November 2012 to February 2014 in the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Department of Soil Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture , Gadjah Mada University . Oil waste contaminated soil samples taken from PT Antam UPBE Pongkor , Bogor , West Java. In this study is carried out tests on the ability of the combination of two types of biofilms and 3 ratio of C : N : P with a completely randomized design using three replications. The first biofilm of R5 bacteria and JR fungi, and biofilm of VK2 bacteria and JR fungi. Both biofilm VK2+ JR and R5 + JR compared with the control without the addition of a biofilm . The ratio nutrient of C : N : P are 100 : 3 : 1 , 100 : 5 : 1 and 100 : 10 : 1, they are compared with controls without the addition of nutrients . Soil treatments are incubated, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ( TPH ) and CO2 evolution are observed for 30 days. Based on the experimental results , the addition of Biofilms are known to accelerate the degradation of hydrocarbons and increase CO2 evolution . The addition of phosphorus and nitrogen can accelerate the degradation process of Hydrocarbons and decreasing CO2 evolution . Active degradation activity is occurred in the first 10th days, but in 20th and 30th they are not significant in degradation activity.

Kata Kunci : Bioremediasi, Biofilm, Total Petrolium Hydrocarbon, Evolusi CO2