TANGGAPAN ANATOMIS AKAR DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L.) TERHADAP LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI BATIK JUMPUT
ARNOLDYNNA DEA SRT, Dr. Maryani, M.Sc
2014 | Skripsi | BIOLOGITomat merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di dunia. Di jaman global ini, teknologi sudah mengalami kemajuan pesat dan banyak industri bermunculan sehingga memicu pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari tanggapan anatomis akar dan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) terhadap limbah cair industri batik. Konsentrasi limbah batik yang digunakan adalah 0% sebagai kontrol, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50% dan 100%. Setelah diaklimatisasi 3 hari, tanaman umur 2 minggu diberi perlakuan limbah setiap 3 hari sekali sampai umur 44 hari. Karakter anatomis akar yang diobservasi meliputi tebal epidermis, tebal korteks, diameter stele, tebal xilem dan diameter sel trakea. Karakter pertumbuhan yang diobservasi meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar, berat basah dan berat kering pucuk dan akar. Setelah 44 hari, sampel akar utama dan lateral pada masing-masing konsentrasi dipotong 1 cm dan 0,5 cm dari ujung akar untuk selanjutnya dibuat preparat anatomi akar semi awetan dan preparat awetan (metode penyelubungan parafin). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis variansi (ANAVA) dan perbedaan antar perlakuan diuji dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5% yang selanjutnya disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah cair industri batik jumput mempengaruhi struktur anatomis akar dengan meningkatkan tebal epidermis, tebal korteks, diameter stele, tebal xilem dan diameter sel trakea. Pemberian limbah cair batik juga mempengaruhi fisiologis tanaman tomat dengan menghambat pemanjangan akar, tinggi tanaman dan menurunkan jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering pucuk dan akar tanaman tomat. Konsentrasi limbah batik 100% yang paling berpengaruh terhadap anatomi akar dan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Tomatoes are one of the most widely cultivated vegetable in the world. In this global era, technologies progress rapidly and many industries are grown and this will trigger environmental pollution. This research aimed to find out and learn the roots anatomical and growth responses of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to liquid waste of batik jumput. The concentration of batik waste used were control (0%), 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50% and 100%. Waste treatment was given after 2 weeks old plant were acclimated for 3 days. Treatment was applied every 3 days. The observed root anatomical characters were the thickness of root epidermis, cortex, stele and xylem. Growth parameters included plant height, leaves number, root length, the dry biomass weight of roots and shoots. Sample of the main and lateral roots were cut 1 cm and 0,5 cm from the root tip of 44 days old plants and they were used for anatomical slides. Preparation Cross sections of roots were prepared semipermanently and permanently using parafin embedding methods. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and differences between the treatmens were tested with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as significant level of 5%. The results showed that liquid batik waste increased the thickness of epidermis, cortex, stele diameter, xilem and trachea diameter. Batik liquid waste also influences the growth of tomato plants by inhibiting the growing roots, plant heigth and number of leaves, lowered the weight of the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. Concentration 100% of batik waste is the most influential on the anatomy of roots and growth of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Kata Kunci : tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.), limbah, batik, anatomis akar, pertumbuhan
