Aktivitas Antibakteri Beberapa Herbal terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus sp.dan Vibrio sp

YASIR SAIFUR RAHMAN, Dr. Ir. Murwantoko, M.Si.; Dr. Ir. Alim Isnansetyo, M.Sc.

2014 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

INTISARI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BEBERAPA HERBAL TERHADAP Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus sp. DAN Vibrio sp. YASIR SAIFUR RAHMAN 07/257647/PN/11264 Beberapa herbal telah digunakan oleh pembudidaya ikan untuk penanganan penyakit ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera), daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa), dan batang pisang (Musa acuminata) terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus sp. dan Vibrio sp. Herbal diekstrak secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat, etanol, dan akuades secara berturut-turut kemudian diuji aktivitas antibakteri dengan disc diffusion method. Ekstrak yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terbaik diuji MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) dan MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration). Ekstrak dengan nilai MIC dan MBC terendah kemudian diuji bioautografi.Spot senyawa pada plat KLT yang diketahui aktif menghambat bakteri kemudian diidentifikasi golongan senyawanya menggunakan reagen pendeteksi. Ekstrak etil asetat, etanol, dan akuades daun ketapang mempunyai aktivitas menghambat ketiga bakteri. Ekstrak etil asetat batang pisang mempunyai aktivitas menghambat Aeromonas hydrophila dan Streptococcus sp. Ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol daun sembung aktif menghambat Aeromonas hydrophila dan Streptococcus sp. Nilai MBC ekstrak etil asetat daun ketapang terhadap Vibrio sp. adalah �1,25 mg/ml. Nilai MBC ekstrak etanol daun ketapang terhadap Streptococcus sp. dan Vibrio sp. adalah 10 mg/ml. Hasil uji bioautografi menunjukkan bahwa spot senyawa ekstrak etil asetat daun ketapang pada plat KLT yang aktif menghambat Vibrio sp. adalah spot senyawa yang memiliki nilai rerata Rf 0,515 yang termasuk senyawa golongan fenol. Kata kunci: herbal, bakteri patogen ikan, antibakteri

ABSTRACT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HERBS AGAINSTAeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus sp. AND Vibrio sp. YASIR SAIFUR RAHMAN 07/257647/PN/11264 Some herbs have been used by fish farmers to treat fish diseases. The purpose of this research were to know antibacterial activity of sambong (Blumea balsamifera) leaf, Indian almond (Terminalia catappa) leaf, and banana (Musa acuminata) stem against Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus sp. and Vibrio sp. Herbs were extracted sequencially by ethyl acetat, ethanol, and aquadest with maseration method. The extracts were tested on antibacterial activity test by disc diffusion method. The extracts which showed the high inhibitory activity were evaluated for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The herb extract with the lowest MIC and MBC values then was tested by bioautography test. The compound spot on TLC which could inhibit bacteria then was reacted by reagent to classify the compound class. Ethyl acetat, ethanol, and aquadest extract of Indian almond leaf inhibited all of three fish pathogenic bacteria.Ethyl acetat extract of banana stem inhibited Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus sp. Ethyl acetat extract and ethanol extract of sambong leaf inhibited Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus sp. MBC value of ethyl acetat extract of Indian almond leaf against Vibrio sp. was �1,25 mg/ml. MBC value of ethanol extract of Indian almond leaf against Streptococcus sp. and Vibrio sp. was 10 mg/ml. Bioautography test showed that active compound from Indian almond ethyl acetat extract with Rf value 0,515 was identified to be a phenolic compound. Keywords: herbs, fish pathogenic bacteria, antibacterial

Kata Kunci : herbal, bakteri patogen ikan, antibakteri