GENETIC GAIN DAN DIFFERENTIAL SELECTION CALON INDUK NILA HITAM (Oreochromis sp.) JANTI STRAIN GIFT UMUR 5 BULAN

AZIZAH WAIYATIN, Dr. Ir. Bambang Triyatmo, M.P.; Ir.Ign. Hardaningsih, M.Si.; Susilo Budi Priyono, S.Pi.,M.Si.

2014 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian telah dilakukan di Satuan Kerja Perbenihan dan Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar (SATKER) Janti Kabupaten Klaten untuk mengetahui nilai genetic gain (perbaikan genetik) dan differential selection (seleksi diferensial) nila hitam Janti strain GIFT umur 5 bulan pada generasi kelima (F5) dibandingkan generasi keempat (F4) berdasarkan parameter berat ikan. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap calon induk nila hitam Janti strain GIFT umur 5 bulan dengan metode seleksi individu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara dari populasi calon induk nila hitam Janti diambil sebanyak 400 ekor jantan dan 400 ekor betina. Pengambilan calon induk nila hitam dilakukan secara acak. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berat dan sintasan ikan tersebut, konversi pakan dan kualitas air selama penelitian. Berdasarkan pengamatan diperoleh nilai genetic gain nila hitam Janti jantan F3 ke F4 diperoleh 23,10 % dan F4 ke F5 sebesar 26,27 %. Nilai genetic gain untuk nila hitam Janti betina F3 ke F4 sebesar 12,82 % dan F4 ke F5 sebesar 22,95 %. Nilai genetic gain F4 ke F5 lebih besar daripada F3 ke F4. Nilai differential selection untuk F4 jantan 37,75 g dan untuk betina 34,04 g. Nilai differential selection untuk F5 jantan seberat 38,06 g dan untuk betina seberat 40,10 g. Selama penelitian ikan tersebut diperoleh nilai konversi pakan yang baik, untuk F5 jantan sebesar 1,32 % dan betina sebesar 1,30 %. Kualitas air selama pemeliharaan ikan cukup optimal. Nilai oksigen terlarut air berkisar antara 2,7-3,5 ppm, suhu air 26-29 oC dan pH air berkisar antara 7,1-7,3. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut disampaikan kesimpulan bahwa nilai genetic gain dan differential selection nila hitam Janti generasi kelima (F5) lebih baik dibandingkan generasi keempat (F4)

Research in Satuan Kerja Perbenihan dan Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar (SATKER) Janti has been done to know genetic gain and differential selection of fifth generation (F5) black tilapia Janti compared with fourth generation (F4). The research performed with 5 months black tilapia broodstock of GIFT strain Janti through individual selection method. Research was carried out by taking 400 male and 400 female black tilapia broodstocks of GIFT strain Janti. The selection of the black tilapia was done randomly. Parameter measured included the weight and survival rate of fishes, food convertion ratio, and water quality. The results showed that the genetic gain value of males black tilapia Janti, F3 to F4 was 23,10 % and F4 to F5 was 26,27 %. The genetic gain value of females black tilapia Janti, F3 to F4 was 12,82 % and F4 to F5 was 22,95 %. The genetic gain of F4 to F5 was greater than F3 to F4. The differential selection value of males black tilapia Janti F4 was 34,04 g and females was 37,75 g. The differential selection of males black tilapia Janti F5 was 38,06 g and females was 40,10 g. The FCR (Food Convertion Ratio) for culturing of males F5 was 1,32 % and females F5 was 1,30 %. The water quality for culturing showed 2,7-3,5 ppm dissolved oxygen, 26-29 0C temperature and 7,1-7,3 unit pH. The genetic gain and differential selection values of black tilapia Janti strain GIFT of fifth generation (F5) was better than forth generation (F4)

Kata Kunci : nila hitam Janti strain GIFT, genetic gain, differential selection