Sintesis NiMCM-41 dan H-NiMCM-41 Serta Uji Kinerjanya Sebagai Katalis Perengkah Minyak Kelapa

LIZIA GLORITA SADAYA CARDOSO MACHADO, Prof. Dr. Iip Izul Falah dan Dr. Suyanta., M.Si

2014 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Telah disintesis nano-material NiMCM-41 dengan metode hidrotermal, dengan melarutkan surfaktan setiltrimetilamonium bromida (CTAB), ko-surfaktan tetrametilammonium hidroksida (TMAOH), K2SO4, kemudian mencampurnya dengan larutan natrium silikat, dan larutan NiCl2 dalam akuades. Proses kristalisasi dilakukan pada temperatur 110 derajat C selama 12 jam. Surfaktan CTAB dihilangkan dengan metode kalsinasi pada suhu 540 derajat C selama 6 jam. Padatan NiMCM-41 hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan metode difraksi sinar X (X-Ray Diffraction, XRD), spektrofotometri inframerah (FTIR), adsorpsi nitrogen dengan metode Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) dan metode BJH, serta pengamatan bentuk pori dengan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Material NiMCM-41 kemudian diubah menjadi H-NiMCM-41 melalui metode ion exchange dengan cara direndam dalam NH4Cl 0,5 M, disaring, dikeringkan pada suhu 80 derajat C selama 24 jam dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 540 derajat C. Kedua material hasil sintesis kemudian diuji sebagai katalis untuk merengkah minyak kelapa dengan perbandingan katalis:umpan sebesar 1:200. Produk yang diperoleh didistilasi dan dianalisis dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NiMCM-41 yang diperoleh mempunyai bentuk pori heksagonal dengan nilai parameter kisi, luas permukaan dan diameter pori berturut-turut sebesar 48,97 �, 802,63 m2/g, dan 3,84 nm. Hasil konversi produk perengkahan menggunakan katalis NiMCM-41 dan H-NiMCM-41 berturut-turut 59,3 % dan 84,1 %.

Nano-material of NiMCM-41 has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, by dissolving a surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), co-surfactant tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), K2SO4, and this solution was then mixed with sodium silicate and NiCl2 solutions. Crystallization process was carried out at the temperature of 110 C degree for 12 hours. CTAB surfactant was removed by calcinations at 540 C degree for 6 hours. The synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and BJH methods, and shape of pore was shown by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The NiMCM-41 material was converted into H-NiMCM-41 through ion exchange method by soaking it into 0.5 M NH4Cl solution followed by filtration, drying at 80 C degree for 24 hours and calcinations at 540 C degree. Both synthesized material were used as the catalyst for cracking coconut oil in the ratio of catalyst: feed was 1: 200. The products of cracking were then distilled at 60 ºC and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results of the works showed that pore of NiMCM-41 was hexagonal with a lattice parameter; surface area and pore diameter were respectively 48.97 Angstrom, 802.63 m2/g, and 3.84 nm; and yield of cracking of coconut oil using NiMCM-41 and H-NiMCM-41 catalysts were 59.3% and 84.1%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : NiMCM-41, H-NiMCM-41, perengkahan, minyak kelapa