PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT TERHADAP KOORDINASI MOTORIK DAN JUMLAH SEL PURKINJE CEREBELLUM TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN REMAJA

Dani Prastiwi, dr. Ginus Partadiredja, M.Sc., Ph.D., AIFM.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Latar Belakang. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) telah banyak digunakan di seluruh dunia sebagai bahan tambahan penguat rasa makanan. Pada penggunaan yang berlebihan dan dalam jangka panjang, MSG dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada pembentukan perilaku, fungsi motorik dan kognitif. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan koordinasi motorik dan jumlah sel Purkinje cerebellum pada tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) akibat penggunaan MSG. Metode. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus Wistar usia 4-5 minggu, berat badan 100-150 gr, terbagi dalam 4 kelompok (Kontrol (C), MSG 2,5 mg/grBB (T 2,5), MSG 3,0 mg/grBB (T 3,0), dan MSG 3,5 mg/grBB (T 3,5)). Paparan MSG dilakukan secara intraperitoneal selama 10 hari. Koordinasi motorik diukur pada hari ke-8, ke-19, dan ke-39 dengan menggunakan rotarod, pada hari ke-40 dilakukan pengambilan organ cerebellum untuk dilakukan perhitungan jumlah sel Purkinje menggunakan metode fraksionator fisik. Hasil. Kelompok tikus dengan paparan MSG 3,5 mg/grBB mengalami penurunan jumlah sel Purkinje cerebellum dan gangguan koordinasi motorik yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kelompok lain. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara koordinasi motorik dan jumlah sel Purkinje cerebellum tikus Wistar (rattus norvegicus) jantan remaja.

Background. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been widely used throughout the world as flavouring agent in food. When being used excessive and upon long-term administration, MSG can cause damage to behavior, cognitive and motor function. Objective. This study aimed at investigating changes in motor coordination and the number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar Wistar rats treated with MSG. Methods. A total of 24 male Wistar rats aged four to five weeks old, weight 100-150 grams were used in this study and were divided into four groups, namely (control which received 0,9% NaCl solution (C), 2.5 mg /gr bw MSG (T 2.5), 3.0 mg/gr bw MSG (T 3.0), and 3.5 mg/gr bw MSG (T 3.5)). The exposure of MSG performed intraperitoneally for 10 days. Motor coordination was measured on the 8th, 19th, and 39th day by using the rotarod. The 40th day all rats were tested to calculating of the amount of cerebellar Purkinje cells using the method of physical fractionator. Conclusion. It has been found that groups of rats with exposure to 3.5 mg/gr bw MSG were significantly decreased more motor coordination and number of Purkinje cells of the cerebellar than the other groups. Motor coordination and the number of cerebellar Purkinje cells of adolescent males Wistar rats showed a significant correlation.

Kata Kunci : koordinasi motorik, jumlah sel Purkinje cerebellum, monosodium glutamat