PERANCANGAN SISTEM KOMUNIKASI DARURAT BERBASIS FREKUENSI RADIO UNTUK TANGGAP DARURAT INDUSTRI DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
MEMORY MOTIVANISMAN WARUWU, Prof. Ir. Sunarno, M.Eng., Ph.D.
2014 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Rekayasa K.IndustriSecara geologis, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) merupakan salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang rawan terhadap bencana alam dan diperlukan sistem komunikasi darurat untuk mendukung pelaksanaan tanggap darurat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan simulasi, sistem komunikasi darurat berbasis frekuensi radio dapat dipergunakan untuk komunikasi audio dan komunikasi data digital dalam keadaan darurat industri. Untuk komunikasi darurat diperlukan peralatan transceiver/handy transceiver, antena, kabel (feeder), dan sistem repeater yang memadai dan menjangkau seluruh wilayah di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya, lokasi dan spesifikasi repeater Balerante yang digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai referensi pembuatan repeater. Dari hasil pengujian kualitas sinyal dilakukan pada 10 lokasi yang memiliki jarak dan elevasi yang lebih bervariasi. Pancaran repeater Balerante yang memiliki power pancar 50 Watt dapat diterima di berbagai tempat dengan kepekaan sinyal (readability) rata-rata pada level 4 (readable with practically no difficulty) dan sinyal pancar ulang (signal strength) rata-rata pada level 6 (good). Dari hasil kirim terima data tulisan dengan pada jarak 100 m s.d. 4000 m tanpa repater diperoleh keberhasilan transfer data mencapai nilai rerata pengiriman 97,56%. Hal ini menandakan bahwa pengiriman data tulisan berhasil, di mana data tulisan yang dikirim berhasil diterima sempurna pada komputer penerima. Sementara error 2,44 % dikarenakan adanya noise ketika memulai komunikasi data. Dari kirim terima data gambar pada jarak 500 m s.d. 4000 m tanpa repeater, tampak bahwa data gambar berhasil dikirimkan namun terdapat penurunan kualitas gambar dari 93.85% hingga 55,33% Penurunan kualitas disebabkan oleh adanya distorsi frekuensi dan gain yang yang kecil ketika pengiriman data gambar. Perlu pembuatan SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) khusus komunikasi darurat berbasis frekuensi radio yang mengatur kegiatan selama pra darurat, tanggap darurat dan pasca darurat.
Geologically, the Special Region of Yogyakarta is one of the regions in Indonesia is prone to natural disasters. Emergency communications systems needed to support the emergency response implementation. Based on the results of research and simulation, the emergency communication system based on radio-frequency can be used to support the audio communication and the digital data communication when industrial emergencies. The emergency communications system required the transceiver equipment / the handy transceiver, antenna, cable (feeder), and the repeater systems were adequate and covered all areas in Yogyakarta region. Based on the preliminary research was concluded that the location and specifications the Balerante repeaters can be used as reference for the designed of the repeater. From the results of the signal quality testing was done at 10 locations with distance and elevation were more varied. Power transmitted of the Balerante repeater which has 50 watts can be received in various places with a readability average at level 4 (readable with practically no difficulty) and the signal strength on average at level 6 (good). From the results the text data transmitted from the distance of 100 m to 4000 m (without repeater) was obtained data transfer success reaching an average value of 97.56%. This indicates that the successful delivery of the text data, where the text data was accepted successfully on the recipient's computer. Error of 2 44 % are caused by noise when the process starts data communication. From the results the image data transmitted from the distance of 500 m to 4000 m without a repeater, it appears that the image data has been sent, but there was a decrease in image quality from 93.85% to 55.33% decline in the quality of the image caused by the frequency distortion and smaller gain when sending the image data. Its very urgent need to establish a specific standard operating procedure of radio frequency-based emergency communications that regulate the activities during the pre-emergency, emergency and post-emergency.
Kata Kunci : Darurat, komunikasi darurat, frekuensi radio, SOP
